Cationic oligomeric azo dyes

ABSTRACT

Disclosed are oligomeric cationic azo dyes of formula (I), wherein their salts, isomers, hydrates and other solvates, wherein R 1  is hydrogen; C 1 -C 12 alkyl, which may be substituted by one or more C 1 -C 5 alkyl, C 1 -C 5 -alkoxy, hydroxy or —(CO)—H; —(CO)—C 1 -C 5 alkyl; phenyl or phenyl-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, wherein the phenyl moiety may be substituted by one or more C 1 -C 5 alkyl, C 1 -C 5 alkoxy, halogen, —NH 2 , mono-C 1 -C 5 alkylamino, di-C 1 -C 5 alkylamino, —NO 2 , carboxy or hydroxy; R 2  is hydrogen; or C 1 -C 5 alkyl; X is C 1 -C 10 alkylene, which may be substituted by one or more C 1 -C 5 alkyl, hydroxy, C 1 -C 5 -alkoxy, amino, mono-C 1 -C 5 alkylamino, di-C 1 -C 5 alkylamino, —SH, and/or interrupted by one or more —O— or —S—S—; C 5 -C 10 cycloalkylene; C 5 -C 12 arylene; C 5 -C 12 arylene-(C 1 -C 10 alkylene); biphenylene, which may be substituted by one or more C 1 -C 5 alkyl, hydroxy, C 1 -C 5 -alkoxy, amino, mono-C 1 -C 5 alkylamino, di-C 1 -C 5 alkylamino, —SH, and/or interrupted by one or more —O—, C 1 -C 4 -alkylene, —NR 3 —, —S— or —S—S—; R 3  is hydrogen; C 1 -C 12 alkyl; C 2 -C 14 alkenyl; C 6 -C 12 aryl; C 6 -C 12 aryl-C 1 -C 12 alkyl; or C 1 -C 12 alkyl-C 6 -C 12 aryl; Y is an anion; Z is 1,3-thiazolyl; 1,2-thiazolyl; 1,3-benzothiazolyl; 2,3-benzothiazolyl; imidazolyl; 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl; 1,3,5-thiadiazolyl; 1,3,4-triazolyl; pyrazolyl; benzimidazolyl; benzopyrazolyl; pyridinyl; quinolinyl; pyrimidinyl; or isoxazolyl; and n is a number from 2-100. Furthermore, the present invention relates to novel cationic oligomeric azo dyes, compositions thereof, especially comprising other dyes, and to application for hair dying.

The present invention relates to novel cationic oligomeric azo dyes,compositions thereof, to processes for their preparation and to theiruse for the dyeing of organic materials, such as keratin fibers, wool,leather, silk, cellulose or polyamides, especially keratin-containingfibers, cotton or nylon, and preferably hair, more preferably humanhair.

It is known, for example, from WO 95/01772 that cationic dyes can beused for the dyeing of organic material, for example keratin, silk,cellulose or cellulose derivatives, and also synthetic fibers, forexample polyamides. Cationic dyes exhibit very brilliant shades. Adisadvantage is their unsatisfactory fastness to washing.

The technical problem is to provide dyes that are distinguished by deepdying having good fastness properties with respect to washing, light,shampooing and rubbing.

Accordingly, the present invention relates to a method of dyeingkeratin-containing fibers, comprising treating the fiber with at leastone cationic oligomeric azo dye of formula

their salts, isomers, hydrates and other solvates, wherein

-   R₁ is hydrogen; C₁-C₁₂alkyl, which may be substituted by one or more    C₁-C₅alkyl, C₁-C₅-alkoxy, hydroxy or —(CO)—H; —(CO)—C₁-C₅alkyl;    phenyl or phenyl-C₁-C₄alkyl, wherein the phenyl moiety may be    substituted by one or more C₁-C₅alkyl, C₁-C₅alkoxy, halogen, —NH₂,    mono-C₁-C₅alkylamino, di-C₁-C₅alkylamino, —NO₂, carboxy or hydroxy;-   R₂ is hydrogen; or C₁-C₅alkyl;-   X is C₁-C₁₀alkylene, which may be substituted by one or more    C₁-C₅alkyl, hydroxy, C₁-C₅-alkoxy, amino, mono-C₁-C₅alkylamino,    di-C₁-C₅alkylamino, —SH, and/or interrupted by one or more —O— or    —S—S—; C₅-C₁₀cycloalkylene; C₅-C₁₂arylene;    C₅-C₁₂arylene-(C₁-C₁₀alkylene); biphenylene, which may be    substituted by one or more C₁-C₅alkyl, hydroxy, C₁-C₅-alkoxy, amino,    mono-C₁-C₅alkylamino, di-C₁-C₅alkylamino, —SH, and/or interrupted by    one or more —O—, C₁-C₄-alkylene, —NR₃—, —S— or —S—S—;-   R₃ is hydrogen; C₁-C₁₂alkyl; C₂-C₁₄alkenyl; C₆-C₁₂aryl;    C₆-C₁₂aryl-C₁-C₁₂alkyl; or C₁-C₁₂alkyl-C₆-C₁₂aryl;-   Y is an anion;-   Z is 1,3-thiazolyl; 1,2-thiazolyl; 1,3-benzothiazolyl;    2,3-benzothiazolyl; imidazolyl; 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl;    1,3,5-thiadiazolyl; 1,3,4-triazolyl; pyrazolyl; benzimidazolyl;    benzopyrazolyl; pyridinyl; quinolinyl; pyrimidinyl; or isoxazolyl;    and-   n is a number from 2-100.

Compounds of formula (1) are preferably used, wherein

-   R₁ is hydrogen; or C₁-C₁₂alkyl,-   R₂ is hydrogen; or C₁-C₅alkyl;-   X is C₁-C₁₀alkylene, which may be substituted by one or more    C₁-C₅alkyl, hydroxy or C₁-C₅-alkoxy, or interrupted by one or more    —S—S—; C₅-C₁₀cycloalkylene; or C₅-C₁₂arylene; biphenylene, which may    be substituted by one or more C₁-C₅alkyl, hydroxy, C₁-C₅-alkoxy,    amino, mono-C₁-C₅alkylamino, di-C₁-C₅alkylamino, —SH, and/or    interrupted by one or more —O—; C₁-C₄-alkylene, —NR₃—, —S— or —S—S—;-   R₃ is hydrogen; or C₁-C₁₂alkyl;-   Y is an anion;-   Z is 1,3-thiazolyl; 1,2-thiazolyl; 1,3-benzothiazolyl;    2,3-benzothiazolyl; imidazolyl; 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl;    1,3,5-thiadiazolyl; 1,3,4-triazolyl; pyrazolyl; benzimidazolyl;    benzopyrazolyl; pyridinyl; quinolinyl; pyrimidinyl; or isoxazolyl;    and-   n is a number from 2-100.

Preferably in formula (1)

-   X is C₁-C₅alkylene, which may be substituted by one or more    C₁-C₅alkyl, or interrupted by —S—S—; biphenylene;

-   R₃ is defined as in formula (1);    and most preferably-   X is selected from ethylene, n-propylene, 2,2-dimethylpropylene;    n-hexylene; or —(CH₂)₂—S—S—(CH₂)₂—.

Preferably in formula (1)

-   R₂ is methyl.

Preferably in formula (1)

-   Z is imidazolyl.

Preferably in formula (1)

-   Y is selected from halide, sulfate, hydrogen sulfate, phosphate,    boron tetrafluoride, carbonate, bicarbonate, oxalate, C₁-C₈alkyl    sulfate, lactate, formate, acetate, propionate and a complex anion.

Most preferred cationic oligomeric azo dyes correspond to formula

-   R₁, X and Y are defined as in formula (1); and most preferably    compounds of formula (2), wherein-   R₁ is hydrogen; or C₁-C₅alkyl;-   X is selected from ethylene, n-propylene, 2,2-dimethylpropylene;    n-hexylene; or the bivalent radical —(CH₂)₂—S—S—(CH₂)₂—; and-   Y is selected from halide, sulfate, hydrogen sulfate, phosphate,    boron tetrafluoride, carbonate, bicarbonate, oxalate, C₁-C₈alkyl    sulfate, lactate, formate, acetate, propionate and a complex anion.

Alkylene is generally C₁-C₁₀alkylene, for example methylene, ethylene,propylene, isopropylene, n-butylene, sec-butylene, tert-butylene,n-pentylene, 2-pentylene 3-pentylene, 2,2′-dimethylpropylene,cyclopentylene, cyclohexylene, n-hexylene, n-octylene,1,1′,3,3′-tetramethylbutylene, 2-ethylhexylene, nonylene or decylene.

Arylene is generally C₆-C₁₂arylene; for example phenylene, naphthyleneor biphenylene.

C₅-C₁₀cycloalkylene is for example cyclopentylene, cyclohexylene,morpholylene or piperidinylene.

C₁-C₁₂alkyl is for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl,sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, 2-pentyl, 3-pentyl,2,2′-dimethylpropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl,1,1′,3,3′-tetramethylbutyl or 2-ethylhexyl, nonyl, decyl, undecy ordodecyl.

C₁-C₅alkoxy is preferably methoxy, ethoxy, propoyy, butoxy or pentyloxy.

Halide is, for example, fluoride, chloride, bromide or iodide,especially chloride and fluoride.

“Anion” denotes, for example, an organic or inorganic anion, such ashalide, preferably chloride and fluoride, sulfate, hydrogen sulfate,phosphate, boron tetrafluoride, carbonate, bicarbonate, oxalate orC₁-C₈alkyl sulfate, especially methyl sulfate or ethyl sulfate; anionalso denotes lactate, formate, acetate, propionate or a complex anion,such as the zinc chloride double salt.

The anion is especially a halide, preferably chloride or fluoride,sulfate, hydrogen sulfate, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate, phosphate,formate, acetate or lactate.

The anion is more especially fluoride, chloride, methyl sulfate, ethylsulfate, formate or acetate.

The following compounds are preferably used in the present method:

The compounds of formula

-   R₁ is hydrogen; C₁-C₁₂alkyl, which may be substituted by one or more    C₁-C₅alkyl, C₁-C₅-alkoxy, hydroxy or —(CO)—H; —(CO)—C₁-C₅alkyl;    phenyl or phenyl-C₁-C₄alkyl, wherein the phenyl moiety may be    substituted by one or more C₁-C₅alkyl, C₁-C₅alkoxy, halogen, —NH₂,    mono-C₁-C₅alkylamino, di-C₁-C₅alkylamino, —NO₂, carboxy or hydroxy;-   R₂ is hydrogen; or C₁-C₅alkyl;-   X is C₁-C₁₀alkylene, which may be substituted by one or more    C₁-C₅alkyl, hydroxy, C₁-C₅-alkoxy, amino, mono-C₁-C₅alkylamino,    di-C₁-C₅alkylamino, —SH, and/or interrupted by one or more —O— or    —S—S—; C₅-C₁₀cycloalkylene; C₆-C₁₂arylene;    C₅-C₁₂arylene-(C₁-C₁₀alkylene); biphenylene, which may be    substituted by one or more C₁-C₅alkyl, hydroxy, C₁-C₅-alkoxy, amino,    mono-C₁-C₆alkylamino, di-C₁-C₆alkylamino, —SH, and/or interrupted by    one or more —O—; C₁-C₄-alkylene, —NR₃—, —S— or —S—S;-   R₃ is hydrogen; C₁-C₁₂alkyl; C₂-C₁₄alkenyl; C₆-C₁₂aryl;    C₆-C₁₂aryl-C₁-C₁₂alkyl; or C₁-C₁₂alkyl-C₆-C₁₂aryl;-   Y is an anion;-   Z is 1,3-thiazolyl; 1,2-thiazolyl; 1,3-benzothiazolyl;    2,3-benzothiazolyl; imidazolyl; 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl;    1,3,5-thiadiazolyl; 1,3,4-triazolyl; pyrazolyl; benzimidazolyl;    benzopyrazolyl; pyridinyl; quinolinyl; pyrimidinyl; or isoxazolyl;    and-   n is a number from 2-100.    are novel and represent a further object of the present invention.

A further embodiment of the present invention relates to processes forthe preparation of the cationic oligomeric azo dyes of formula (1).

Generally, the reaction is carried out according to the followingreaction scheme:

The reaction is started from the monoazo intermediate (1a) which isformed by reaction of a difluoroaniline and a nitrite compound, forexample sodium nitrite and subsequent reaction with the correspondingheterocyclic compound to give the intermediate (1a).

The monoazo intermediate (1a) is reacted in a polycondensation reactionwith the diamino compound (1b) to give the intermediate (1c) which isfinally polycondensated to the oligomeric cationic azo dye (1).

R₁, X, Y, Z and n are defined as in formula (1).

Customary, the temperature is in the range of 273 to 300 K, preferablyis in the range of 290 to 300 K during the mixing of the startingcompounds.

The reaction time is generally dependent on the reactivity of thestarting compounds, on the selected reaction temperature and on thedesired conversion. The selected reaction time is usually in the rangefrom one hour to three days.

The reaction temperature is selected in the range from 273 to 340K,especially in the range from 273 to 335K.

The selected reaction pressure is generally in the range from 70 kPa to10 MPa, especially from 90 kPa to 5 MPa, and is more especiallyatmospheric pressure.

In addition, the reaction may be carried out with or without a solvent,but is preferably carried out in the presence of a solvent, preferablywater, an organic solvents or solvent mixtures.

Preferred solvents are organic solvents and water, or a mixture oforganic solvents or a mixture of organic solvents and water.

Organic solvents are for example, protic or aprotic polar organicsolvents, such as alcohols, for example methanol, ethanol, n-propanol,isopropanol, butanol or glycols, especially isopropanol, or nitrile,such as acetonitrile or propionitrile, or amide, such asdimethyl-formamide, dimethylacetamide or N-methylpyridine,N-methylpyrolidon, or sulfoxide, such as dimethylsulfoxide, or mixturesthereof.

The product prepared according to the process of the present inventionmay advantageously be worked up and isolated, and if desired bepurified.

Customary, the work up starts by decreasing the temperature of thereaction mixture in the range from 270 to 370 K, especially in the rangefrom 290 to 300 K.

It may be advantageous to decrease the temperature slowly, preferablyover a period of several hours.

In general, the reaction product is usually filtered off and then washedwith water or a salt solution and subsequently dried.

Filtration is normally carried out in a standard filtering equipment,for example Büchner funnels, filter presses, pressurised suctionfilters, preferably in vacuo.

The temperature for the drying is dependent on the pressure applied, forexample at a temperature in the range from 313 to 363 K, especially from323 to 353 K, and more especially in the range from 328 to 348 K.

Drying is usually carried out in vacuo at 50-200 mbar.

The dyes of formula (1) according to the invention are suitable fordyeing organic materials, such as keratin-containing fibers, wool,leather, silk, cellulose or polyamides, cotton or nylon, and preferablyhuman hair. The dyeings obtained are distinguished by their depth ofshade and their good fastness properties to washing, such as, forexample, fastness to light, shampooing and rubbing. The stability, inparticular the storage stability of the dyes according to the inventionare excellent.

Generally, hair dyeing agents on a synthetic base may be classified intothree groups:

-   -   temporary dyeing agents    -   semipermanent dyeing agents, and    -   permanent dyeing agents.

The multiplicity of shades of the dyes can be increased by combinationwith other dyes.

Therefore the dyes of formula (1) of the present invention may becombined with dyes of the same or other classes of dyes, especially withdirect dyes, oxidation dyes; dye precursor combinations of a couplercompound as well as a diazotized compound, or a capped diazotizedcompound; and/or cationic reactive dyes.

Direct dyes are of natural origin or may be prepared synthetically. Theyare uncharged, cationic or anionic, such as acid dyes.

The dyes of formula (1) may be used in combination with at least onesingle direct dye different from the dyes of formula (1).

Direct dyes do not require any addition of an oxidizing agent to developtheir dyeing effect. Accordingly the dyeing results are less permanentthan those obtained with permanent dyeing compositions. Direct dyes aretherefore preferably used for semipermanent hair dyeings.

Examples of direct dyes are described in “Dermatology”, edited by Ch.Culnan, H. Maibach, Verlag Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, Basle, 1986,Vol. 7, Ch. Zviak, The Science of Hair Care, chapter 7, p. 248-250, andin “Europäisches Inventar der Kosmetikrohstoffe”, 1996, published by TheEuropean Commission, obtainable in diskette form from the Bundesverbandder deutschen Industrie-und Handelsuntemehmen für Arzneimittel,Reformwaren und Körperpflegemittel e.V., Mannheim.

More preferred direct dyes which are useful for the combination with atleast one single dye of formula (1), especially for semipermanentdyeing, are: 2-amino-3-nitrophenol, 2-amino-4-hydroxyethylamino-anisolesulfate, 2-amino-6-chloro-4-nitrophenol,2-chloro-5-nitro-N-hydroxyethylene-p-phenylendiamine,2-hydroxyethyl-picramic acid,2,6-diamino-3-((pyridine-3yl)-azo)pyridine,2-nitro-5-glyceryl-methylaniline, 3-methylamino-4-nitro-phenoxyethanol,4-amino-2-nitrodiphenyleneamine-2′-carboxilic acid,6-nitro-1,2,3,4,-tetrahydroquinoxaline,4-N-ethyl-1,4-bis(2′-hydroxyethylamino-2-nitrobenzene hydrochloride,1-methyl-3-nitro-4-(2′-hydroxyethyl)-aminobenzene,3-nitro-p-hydroxyethyl-aminophenol, 4-amino-3-nitrophenol,4-hydroxypropylamine-3-nitrophenol, hydroxyanthrylaminopropylmethylmorphlino methosulfate, 4-nitrophenyl-aminoethylurea,6-nitro-p-toluidine, Acid Blue 62, Acid Blue 9, Acid Red 35, Acid Red 87(Eosin), Acid Violet 43, Acid Yellow 1, Basic Blue 3, Basic Blue 6,Basic Blue 7, Basic Blue 9, Basic Blue 12, Basic Blue 26, Basic Blue 99,Basic Brown 16, Basic Brown 17, Basic Red 2, Basic Red 22, Basic Red 76,Basic Violet 14, Basic Yellow 57, Basic Yellow 9, Disperse Blue 3,Disperse Orange 3, Disperse Red 17, Disperse Violet 1, Disperse Violet4, Disperse Black 9, Fast Green FCF, HC Blue 2, HC Blue 7, HC Blue 8, HCBlue 12, HC Orange 1, HC Orange 2, HC Red 1, HC Red 10-11, HC Red 13, HCRed 16, HC Red 3, HC Red BN, HC Red 7, HC Violet 1, HC Violet 2, HCYellow 2, HC Yellow 5, HC Yellow 5, HC Yellow 6, HC Yellow 7, HC Yellow9, HC Yellow 12, HC Red 8, hydroxyethyl-2-nitro-p-toluidine,N,N-Bis-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-2-nitro-p-phenylendiamine, HC Violet BS,Picramic Acid, Solvent Green 7.

Furthermore, the dyes of formula (1) may be combined with at least onecationic azo dye, for example the compounds disclosed in GB-A-2 319 776as well as the oxazine dyes described in DE-A-299 12 327 and mixturesthereof with the other direct dyes mentioned therein, and even morepreferred with cationic dyes such as Basic Yellow 87, Basic Orange 31 orBasic Red 51, or with cationic dyes as described in WO 01/66646,especially example 4, or with cationic dyes as described in WO 02/31056,especially example 6 (compound of formula 106); or the cationic dye offormula (3) as described in EP-A-714,954, or with a yellow cationic dyeof formula

-   R₁ and R₂ are each independently of the other C₁-C₈alkyl; or an    unsubstituted or substituted benzyl;-   R₃ is hydrogen; C₁-C₈alkyl; C₁-C₈alkoxy; cyanide; or halide;    preferably hydrogen; and-   X⁻ is an anion; and preferably a compound of formula (DD1), wherein-   R₁ is methyl; R₂ is benzyl; R₃ is hydrogen; and X⁻ is an anion; or    wherein-   R₁ is benzyl; R₂ is benzyl; R₃ is hydrogen; and X⁻ is an anion; or    wherein-   R₁ is benzyl; R₂ is methyl; R₃ is hydrogen; and X⁻ is an anion.

Furthermore, cationic nitroaniline and anthraquinone dyes are useful fora combination with the dye of formula (1), for example the dyes asdescribed in the following patent specifications: U.S. Pat. No.5,298,029, especially in col 2, I. 33 to col 5, I. 38; U.S. Pat. No.5,360,930, especially in col 2, I. 38 to col 5, I. 49; U.S. Pat. No.5,169,403, especially in col 2, I. 30 to col 5, I. 38; U.S. Pat. No.5,256,823, especially in col 4, I. 23 to col 5, I. 15; U.S. Pat. No.5,135,543, especially in col 4, I. 24 to col 5, I. 16; EP-A-818 193,especially on p. 2, I. 40 to p. 3, I. 26; U.S. Pat. No. 5,486,629,especially in col 2, I. 34 to col 5, I. 29; and EP-A-758 547, especiallyon p. 7, I. 48 to p. 8, I. 19.

The dyes of formula (1) may also be combined with acid dyes, for examplethe dyes which are known from the international names (Color index), ortrade names.

Preferred acid dyes which are useful for the combination with a dye offormula (1) are described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,248,314. They include RedColor No. 120, Yellow Color No. 4, Yellow Color No. 5, Red Color No.201, Red Color No. 227, Orange Color No. 205, Brown Color No. 201, RedColor No. 502, Red Color No. 503, Red Color No. 504, Red Color No. 506,Orange Color No. 402, Yellow Color No. 402, Yellow Color No. 406, YellowColor No. 407, Red Color No. 213, Red Color No. 214, Red Color No. 3,Red Color No. 104, Red Color No. 105(1), Red Color No. 106, Green ColorNo. 2, Green Color No. 3, Orange Color No. 207, Yellow Color No. 202(1),Yellow Color No. 202(2), Blue Color No. 202, Blue Color No. 203, BlueColor No. 205, Blue Color No. 2, Yellow Color No. 203, Blue Color No.201, Green Color No. 201, Blue Color NO. 1, Red Color No. 230(1), RedColor No. 231, Red Color No. 232, Green Color No. 204, Green Color No.205, Red Color No. 401, Yellow Color No. 403(1), Green Color No. 401,Green Color No. 402, Black Color No. 401 and Purple Color No. 401,especially Black Color No. 401, Purple Color 401, Orange Color No. 205.

These acid dyes may be used either as single component or in anycombination thereof.

Hair dye compositions comprising an acid dye are known. They are forexample described in “Dermatology”, edited by Ch. Culnan, H. Maibach,Verlag Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, Basle, 1986, Vol. 7, Ch. Zviak, TheScience of Hair Care, chapter 7, p. 248-250, especially on p. 253 and254.

Hair dye compositions which comprise an acid dye have a pH of 2-6,preferably 2-5, more preferably 2.5-4.0.

The dyes of formula (1) according to the present invention may alsoreadily be used in combination with acid dyes and/or adjuvants, forexample

-   -   acid dyes and an alkylene carbonate, as described in U.S. Pat.        No. 6,248,314, especially in examples 1 and 2;    -   acid hair dye compositions comprising various kinds of organic        solvents represented by benzyl alcohol as a penetrant solvent        have good penetrability into hair, as described in Japanese        Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 210023/1986 and 101841/1995;    -   acid hair dye compositions with a water-soluble polymer or the        like to prevent the drooping of the hair dye composition, as        described for example in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open        Nos. 87450/1998, 255540/1997 and 245348/1996;    -   acid hair dye compositions with a water-soluble polymer of        aromatic alcohols, lower alkylene carbonates, or the like as        described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.        53970/1998 and Japanese Patent Invention No. 23911/1973.

The dyes of formula (1) may also be combined with uncharged dyes, forexample selected from the group of the nitroanilines,nitrophenylenediamines, nitroaminophenols, anthraquinones, indophenols,phenazines, phenothiazines, bispyrazolons, bispyrazol aza derivativesand methines.

Furthermore, the dyes of formula (1) may also be used in combinationwith dye compositions containing oxidation dye precursors (“oxidationbases”) and couplers.

Suitable oxidation dye systems are described for example in

-   -   DE 19 959 479, especially in col 2, I. 6 to col 3, I. 11;    -   “Dermatology”, edited by Ch. Culnan, H. Maibach, Verlag Marcel        Dekker Inc., New York, Basle, 1986, Vol. 7, Ch. Zviak, The        Science of Hair Care, chapter 8, on p. 264-267 (oxidation dyes).

Preferred dye precursors are for example primary aromatic amines, whichare substituted in the para- or ortho-position with a substituted orunsubstituted hydroxy- or amino residue, or diaminopyridine derivatives,heterocyclic hydrazones, 4-aminopyrazol derivatives,2,4,5,6-tetraminopyrimidine derivatives, or unsaturated aldehydes asdescribed in DE 19 717 224, especially on p. 2, I. 50 to I. 66 and on p.3 I. 8 to I. 12, or cationic developer compounds as described in WO00/43367, especially on p. 2 I. 27 to p. 8, I. 24, in particular on p.9, I. 22 to p. 11, I. 6.

Furthermore, dye precursors in their physiological compatible acidaddition salt form, such as hydrochloride or sulfate can be used. Dyeprecursors, which have aromatic OH radicals are also suitable in theirsalt form together with a base, such as alkali metalphenolates.

More preferred dye precursors are p-phenylendiamine, p-toluylendiamine,p-, m- o-aminophenol, N,N-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-p-phenylenediaminesulfate, 2-amino-4-hydroxyethylaminoanisol sulfate,hydroxyethyl-3,4-methylenedioxyaniline,1-(2′-hydroxyethyl)-2,5-diaminobenzene,2,6-dimethoxy-3,5-diamino-pyridine,hydroxypropyl-bis-(N-hydroxyethyl-p-phenylenediamine) hydrochloride,hydroxyethyl-p-phenylenediamine sulfate, 4-amino-3-methylphenol,4-methylaminophenol sulfate, 2-aminomethyl-4-aminophenol,4,5-diamino-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1H-pyrazol, 4-amino-m-cresol,6-amino-m-cresol, 5-amino-6-chloro-cresol,2,4,5,6-tetra-aminopyrimidine, 2-hydroxy-4,5,6-triaminopyrimidine or4-hydroxy-2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine sulfate.

Preferred coupler compounds are m-phenylendiamine derivatives,naphthole, resorcine and resorcine derivatives, pyrazolone andm-aminophenol derivatives, and most preferably the coupler compoundsdisclosed in DE 19959479, p. 1, I. 33 to p. 3, I. 11.

Further preferred for a combination with a dye of formula (1) are thefollowing oxidation dye precursors:

-   -   the developer/-coupler combination 2,4,5,6-tetraminopyrimidine        and 2-methylresorcine for assessing of red shades;    -   p-toluenediamine and 4-amino-2-hydroxytoluene for assessing of        blue-violet shades;    -   p-toluenediamine and 2-amino-4-hydroxyethylaminoanisole for        assessing of blue shades;    -   p-toluenediamine and 2,4-diamino-phenoxyethynol for assessing of        blue shades;    -   methyl-4-aminophenol and 4-amino-2-hydroxytoluene for assessing        of orange shades;    -   p-toluenediamine and resorcine for assessing of brown-green        shades;    -   p-toluenediamine and 1-naphthol for assessing of blue-violet        shades, or    -   p-toluenediamine and 2-methylresorcine for assessing of        brown-gold shades.

The dyes of formula (1) may also be used together with unsaturatedaldehydes as disclosed in DE 19 717 224 (p. 2, I. 50 to I. 66 and on p.3 I. 8 to I. 12) which may be used as direct dyes or, alternativelytogether with oxidation dye precursors.

Furthermore, autooxidizable compounds may be used in combination withthe dyes of formula (1).

Autooxidizable compounds are aromatic compounds with more than twosubstituents in the aromatic ring, which have a very low redox potentialand will therefore be oxidized when exposed to the air. The dyeingsobtained with these compounds are very stable and resistant to shampoo.

Autooxidizable compounds are for example benzene, indol, or indoline,especially 5,6-dihydroxyindol or 5,6-dihydroxyindoline derivatives asdescribed in WO 99/20234, especially on p. 26, I. 10 to p. 28, I. 15, orin WO 00/28957 on p. 2, third paragraph.

Preferred autooxidizable benzene derivatives are1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene, 1-methyl-2,4,5-trihydroxybenzene,2,4-diamino-6-methylphenol, 2-amino-4-methylaminophenol,2,5-diamino-4-methyl-phenol, 2,6-diamino-4-diethylaminophenol,2,6-diamino-1,4-dihydroxybenzene, and the salts of these compounds,which are accessible with acid.

Preferred autooxidizable indol derivatives are 5,6-dihydroxyindol,2-methyl-5,6-dihydroxyindol, 3-methyl-5,6-dihydroxyindole,1-methyl-5,6-dihydroxyindol, 2,3-dimethyl-5,6-dihydroxyindol,5-methoxy-6-dihydroxyindol, 5-acetoxy-6-hydroxyindol,5,6-diacetoxyindol, acid of 5,6-dihydroxyindol-2-carbonacid, and thesalts of these compounds, which are accessible with acid.

The dyes of formula (1) may also be used in combination with naturallyoccurring dyes, such as henna red, henna neutral, henna black, camomileblossom, sandalwood, black tea, Rhamnus frangula bark, sage, campechewood, madder root, catechu, sedre and alkanet root. Such dyeings aredescribed, for example, in EP-A-404 868, especially on p. 3, I. 55 to p.4, I. 9.

Furthermore, the dyes of formula (1) may also be used in combinationwith capped diazotised compounds.

Suitable diazotised compounds are for example the compounds of formulae(1)-(4) in WO 2004/019897 (bridging gages 1 and 2) and the correspondingwatersoluble coupling components (I)-(IV) as disclosed in the samereference.

Further preferred dyes or dye combinations which are useful for thecombination with a dye of formula (1) according to the present inventionare described in

-   (DC-01): WO 95/01772, wherein mixtures of at least two cationic dyes    are disclosed, especially p. 2, I. 7 to p. 4, I. 1, preferably p.    4, I. 35 to p. 8, I. 21; formulations p. 11, last §-p. 28, I. 19;-   (DC-02): U.S. Pat. No. 6,843,256, wherein cationic dyes are    disclosed, especially the compounds of formulae (1), (2), (3)    and (4) (col. 1, I. 27-col. 3, I. 20, and preferably the compounds    as prepared in the examples 1 to 4 (col. 10, I. 42 to col. 13, I.    37; formulations col. 13, I. 38 to col. 15, I. 8;-   (DC-03): EP 970 685, wherein direct dyes are described,    especially p. 2, I. 44 to p. 9, I. 56 and preferably p. 9, I. 58    to p. 48, I. 12; processes for dyeing of keratin-containing fibers    especially p. 50, I. 15 to 43; formulations p. 50, I. 46 to p.    51, I. 40;-   (DC-04): DE-A-19 713 698, wherein direct dyes are described,    especially p. 2, I. 61 to p. 3, I. 43; formulations p. 5, I. 26 to    60;-   (DC-05): U.S. Pat. No. 6,368,360, wherein directed dyes (col. 4, I.    1 to col. 6, I. 31) and oxidizing agents (col. 6, I. 37-39) are    disclosed; formulations col. 7, I. 47 to col. 9, I. 4;-   (DC-06): EP 1 166 752, wherein cationic dyes (p. 3, I. 22-p.    4, I. 15) and anionic UV-absorbers (p. 4, I. 27-30) are disclosed;    formulations p. 7, I. 50-p. 9, I. 56;-   (DC-07): EP 998,908, wherein oxidation dyeings comprising a cationic    direct dye and pyrazolo-[1,5-a]-pyrimidines (p. 2, I. 48-p. 4, I. 1)    are disclosed; dyeing formulations p. 47, I. 25 to p. 50, I. 29;-   (DC-08): FR-2788432, wherein combinations of cationic dyes with    Arianors are disclosed, especially p. 53, I. 1 to p. 63, I. 23, more    especially p. 51 to 52, most especially Basic Brown 17, Basic brown    16, Basic Red 76 and Basic Red 118, and/or at least one Basic Yellow    57, and/or at least one Basic Blue 99; or combinations of arianoren    and/or oxidative dyes, especially p. 2, I. 16 to p. 3, I. 16; dyeing    formulations on p. 53, I. 1 to p. 63, I. 23;-   (DC-09): DE-A-19 713 698, wherein the combinations of direct dyes    and permanent-wave fixing comprising an oxidation agent, an    oxidation dye and a direct dye are disclosed; especially p. 4, I. 65    to p. 5, I. 59;-   (DC-10): EP 850 638, wherein developer compounds and oxidizing    agents are disclosed; especially p. 2, I. 27 to p. 7, I. 46 and    preferably p. 7, I. 20 to p. 9, I. 26; dyeing formulations p. 2, I.    3-12 and I. 30 to p. 14, and p. 28, I. 35-p. 30, I. 20;    preferably p. 30, I. 25-p. 32, I. 30;-   (DC-11): U.S. Pat. No. 6,190,421 wherein extemporaneous mixtures of    a composition (A) containing one or more oxidation dye precursors    and optionally one or more couplers, of a composition (B), in powder    form, containing one or more direct dyes (col. 5, I. 40-col. 7, I.    14), optionally dispersed in an organic pulverulent excipient and/or    a mineral pulverulent excipient, and a composition (C) containing    one or more oxidizing agents are disclosed; formulations col. 8, I.    60-col. 9, I. 56;-   (DC-12): U.S. Pat. No. 6,228,129, wherein a ready-to-use composition    comprising at least one oxidation base, at least one cationic direct    dye and at least one enzyme of the 2-electron oxidoreductase type in    the presence of at least one donor for the said enzyme are    disclosed; especially col. 8, I. 17-col. 13, I. 65; dyeing    formulations in col. 2, I. 16 to col. 25, I. 55, a multi-compartment    dyeing device is described in col. 26, I. 13-24;-   (DC-13): WO 99/20235, wherein compositions of at least one cationic    dye and at least one nitrated benzene dye with cationic direct dyes    and nitro benzene direct dyes are described; on p. 2, I. 1 top.    7, I. 9, and p. 39, I. 1 to p. 40 I. 11, preferably p. 8, I. 12    to p. 25 I. 6, p. 26, I. 7 to p. 30, I. 15; p. 1, I. 25 to p. 8, I.    5, p. 30, I. 17 top. 34 I. 25, p. 8, I. 12 to p. 25 I. 6, p. 35, I.    21 to 27, especially on p. 36, I. 1 to p. 37;-   (DC-14): WO 99/20234, wherein compositions comprising at least one    direct cationic dye and at least one autooxidisable dye, especially    benzene, indol and indoline derivatives are described, preferably    direct dyes on p. 2, I. 19 to p. 26, I. 4, and autooxidisable dyes    as disclosed especially on p. 26, I. 10 to p. 28, I. 15; dyeing    formulations especially on p. 34, I. 5 to p. 35, Ii 18;-   (DC-15): EP 850 636, wherein oxidation dyeing compositions    comprising at least one direct dye and at least one meta-aminophenol    derivative as coupler component and at least one developer compound    and an oxidizing agent are disclosed, especially p. 5, I. 41 to p.    7, I. 52, dyeing formulations p. 19, I. 50-p. 22, I. 12;-   (DC-16): EP-A-850 637, wherein oxidation dyeing compositions    comprising at least one oxidation base selected from    para-phenylenediamines and bis(phenyl)alkylenediamines, and the    acid-addition salts thereof, at least one coupler selected from    meta-diphenols, and the acid-addition salts thereof, at least one    cationic direct dye, and at least one oxidizing agent are disclosed,    especially p. 6, I. 50 to p. 8, I. 44 are disclosed; dyeing    formulations p. 21, I. 30-p. 22, I. 57;-   (DC-17): WO 99/48856, wherein oxidation dyeing compositions    comprising cationic couplers are disclosed, especially p. 9, I.    16-p. 13, I. 8, and p. 11, I. 20-p. 12, I. 13; dyeing    formulations p. 36, I. 7-p. 39, I. 24;-   (DC-18): DE 197 172 24, wherein dyeing agents comprising unsaturated    aldehydes and coupler compounds and primary and secondary amino    group compounds, nitrogen-containing heterocylic compounds, amino    acids, oligopeptides, aromatic hydroxy compounds, and/or at least    one CH-active compound are disclosed p. 3, I. 42-p. 5 I. 25; dyeing    formulations p. 8, I. 25-p. 9, I. 61.

In the dye combinations disclosed in the references (DC-01-DC-18) above,the dyes of formula (1) according to the present invention may be addedto the dye combinations or at least one dye in the references(DC-01-DC-18) may be replaced by at least one dye of formula (1).

The present invention also relates to formulations, which are used forthe dyeing of organic materials, preferably keratin-containing fibers,and most preferably human hair, comprising at least

-   (a) 0.001-5, preferably 0.005-4% b.w. of at least one dye of    formula (1) as defined in claim 1;-   (b) 1-40, preferably 5 to 30% b.w. of a solvent; and-   (c) 0.01 to 20% b.w. of adjuvants.

The formulations may be applied on the keratin-containing fiber,preferably the human hair in different technical forms.

Technical forms of formulations are for example a solution, especially athickened aqueous or aqueous alcoholic solution, a cream, foam, shampoo,powder, a gel, or an emulsion.

Customary the dyeing compositions are applied to the keratin-containingfiber in an amount of 50 to 100 g.

The dyeing compositions of the present invention are applied on the hairin a temperature range of 25 to 200, preferably 18 to 80, and mostpreferably from 20 to 40° C.

Preferred forms of formulations are ready-to-use compositions ormulti-compartment dyeing devices or ‘kits’ or any of themulti-compartment packaging systems with compartments as described forexample in U.S. Pat. No. 6,190,421, col 2, I. 16 to 31.

Preferably the dyeing compositions, which are not stable to reduction,are prepared with oxidizing agent free compositions just before thedyeing process.

One preferred embodiment of the present invention relates to theformulation of dyes, wherein the dyes of formula (1) are in powder form.

Powder formulations are preferably used if stability and/or solubilityproblems as for example described in DE 197 13 698, p. 2, I. 26 to 54and p. 3, I. 51 to p. 4, I. 25, and p. 4, I. 41 to p. 5 I. 59, occur.

For use on human hair, the dyeing compositions of the present inventioncan usually be incorporated into an aqueous cosmetic carrier. Suitableaqueous cosmetic carriers include, for example W/O, O/W, O/W/O, W/O/W orPIT emulsions and all kinds of microemulsions, creams, sprays,emulsions, gels, powders and also surfactant-containing foamingsolutions, e.g. shampoos or other preparations, that are suitable foruse on keratin-containing fibers. Such forms of use are described indetail in Research Disclosure 42448 (August 1999). If necessary, it isalso possible to incorporate the dyeing compositions into anhydrouscarriers, as described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,369,970,especially coli, I. 70 to col 3, I. 55. The dyeing compositionsaccording to the invention are also excellently suitable for the dyeingmethod described in DE-A-3 829 870 using a dyeing comb or a dyeingbrush.

The constituents of the aqueous carrier are present in the dyeingcompositions of the present invention in customary amounts, for exampleemulsifiers may be present in the dyeing compositions in concentrationsfrom 0.5 to 30% b.w. and thickeners in concentrations of from 0.1 to 25%b.w; of the total dyeing composition.

Further carriers for dying compositions are for example described in“Dermatology”, edited by Ch. Culnan, H. Maibach, Verlag Marcel DekkerInc., New York, Basle, 1986, Vol. 7, Ch. Zviak, The Science of HairCare, chapter 7, p. 248-250, especially on p. 243, I. 1 to p. 244, I.12.

A shampoo has, for example, the following composition:

0.01 to 5% b.w. of the dye of formula (1);8% b.w of disodium PEG-5 laurylcitrate Sulfosuccinate, Sodium LaurethSulfate;20% b.w. of sodium cocoamphoacetate;0.5% b.w. of methoxy PEG/PPG-7/3 aminopropyl dimethicone;0.3% b.w. of hydroxypropyl guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride;2.5% b.w. of PEG-200 hydrogenated glyceryl palmate; PEG-7 glycerylcocoate;0.5% b.w. of PEG-150 distearate;2.2. % b.w of citric acid;perfume, preservatives; andwater ad 100%.

The dyes of formula (1) may be stored in a liquid to paste-likepreparation (aqueous or non-aqueous) or in the form of a dry powder.

When the dyes and adjuvants are stored together in a liquid preparation,the preparation should be substantially anhydrous in order to reducereaction of the compounds.

The dyeing compositions according to the invention may comprise anyactive ingredients, additives or adjuvants known for such preparations,like surfactants, solvents, bases, acids, perfumes, polymeric adjuvants,thickeners and light stabilisers.

The following adjuvants are preferably used in the hair dyeingcompositions of the present invention:

-   -   non-ionic polymers, for example vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acrylate        copolymers, polyvinyl-pyrrolidone and vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl        acetate copolymers and polysiloxanes;    -   cationic polymers, such as quaternised cellulose ethers,        polysiloxanes having quaternary groups, dimethyldiallylammonium        chloride polymers, copolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium        chloride and acrylic acid, as available commercially under the        name Merquat® 280 and the use thereof in hair dyeing as        described, for example, in DE-A-4 421 031, especially p. 2, I.        20 to 49, or EP-A-953 334;    -   acrylamide/dimethyldiallylammonium chloride copolymers,        diethyl-sulfate-quaternised dimethylaminoethyl        methacrylate/vinylpyrrolidone copolymers,        vinylpyrrolidone/-imidazolinium methochloride copolymers;    -   quaternised polyvinyl alcohol:    -   zwitterionic and amphoteric polymers, such as        acrylamido-propyltrimethylammonium chloride/acrylate copolymers        and octylacrylamide/methyl methacrylate/tert-butylaminoethyl        methacrylate/2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymers;    -   anionic polymers, such as, for example, polyacrylic acids,        crosslinked polyacrylic acids, vinyl acetate/crotonic acid        copolymers, vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acrylate copolymers, vinyl        acetate/butyl maleate/isobornyl acrylate copolymers, methyl        vinyl ether/maleic anhydride copolymers and acrylic acid/ethyl        acrylate/N-tert-butyl acrylamide terpolymers;    -   thickeners, such as agar, guar gum, alginates, xanthan gum, gum        arabic, karaya gum, locust bean flour, linseed gums, dextrans,        cellulose derivatives, e.g. methyl cellulose, hydroxyalkyl        cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose, starch fractions and        derivatives, such amylose, amylopectin and dextrins, clays, e.g.        bentonite or fully synthetic hydro-colloids such as, for        example, polyvinyl alcohol;    -   structuring agents, such as glucose and maleic acid;    -   hair-conditioning compounds, such as phospholipids, for example        soya lecithin, egg lecithin, cephalins, silicone oils, and        conditioning compounds, such as those described in DE-A-19 729        080, especially p. 2, I. 20 to 49, EP-A-834 303, especially p.        2, I. 18-p. 3, I. 2, or EP-A-312 343, especially p. 2, I. 59-p.        3, I. 11;    -   protein hydrolysates, especially elastin, collagen, keratin,        milk protein, soya protein and wheat protein hydrolysates,        condensation products thereof with fatty acids and also        quaternised protein hydrolysates;    -   perfume oils, dimethyl isosorbitol and cyclodextrins,    -   solubilisers, such as ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol,        propylene glycol, glycerol and diethylene glycol,    -   anti-dandruff active ingredients, such as piroctones, olamines        and zinc Omadine,    -   substances for adjusting the pH value;    -   panthenol, pantothenic acid, allantoin, pyrrolidonecarboxylic        acids and salts thereof, plant extracts and vitamins;    -   cholesterol;    -   light stabilisers and UV absorbers as listed in Table below:

TABLE 1 UV absorbers which may be used in the dyeing compositions of thepresent invention No. Chemical Name CAS No. 1(+/−)-1,7,7-trimethyl-3-[(4-methylphenyl)methylene]bicyclo-  36861-47-9[2.2.1]heptan-2-one 21,7,7-trimethyl-3-(phenylmethylene)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one 15087-24-8 3 (2-Hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)(4-methylphenyl)methanone 1641-17-4 4 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone   131-56-6 52,2′,4,4′-tetrahydroxybenzophenone   131-55-5 6 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone;   131-57-7 7 2,2′-dihydroxy-4,4′-dimethoxybenzophenone  131-54-4 8 2,2′-Dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone   131-53-3 91-[4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenyl]-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propane-1,3- 70356-09-1 dione 10 3,3,5-Trimethyl cyclohexyl-2-hydroxy benzoate  118-56-9 11 Isopentyl p-methoxycinnamate  71617-10-2 12Menthyl-o-aminobenzoate   134-09-8 13 Menthyl salicylate   89-46-3 142-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano,3,3-diphenylacrylate  6197-30-4 15 2-ethylhexyl4-(dimethylamino)benzoate  21245-02-3 16 2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate 5466-77-3 17 2-ethylhexyl salicylate   118-60-5 18 Benzoic acid,4,4′,4″-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyltriimino)tris-,tris(2-  88122-99-0ethylhexyl)ester; 2,4,6-Trianilino-(p-carbo-2′-ethylhexyl-1′-oxi)-1,3,5-triazine 19 Benzoic acid, 4-amino-, ethyl ester, polymer withoxirane 113010-52-9 20 2-Propenamide,N-[[4-[(4,7,7-trimethyl-3-oxobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2- 147897-12-9ylidene)methyl]phenyl]methyl]-, homopolymer 21 Triethanolaminesalicylate  2174-16-5 222,2′-Methylene-bis-[6-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-103597-45-1 butyl)-phenol] 232,4-bis{[4-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-2-hydroxy]-phenyl}-6-(4- 187393-00-6methoxyphenyl)-(1,3,5)-triazine (Tinosorb S) 24 Benzoic acid,4,4′-[[6-[[4-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)amino]carbonyl]- 154702-15-5phenyl]amino]1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diyl]diimino]bis-, bis(2-ethylhexyl)-ester 25 Phenol,2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-methyl-6-[2-methyl-3-[1,3,3,3- 155633-54-8tetramethyl-1-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]disiloxanyl]propyl]- 26Dimethicodiethylbezalmalonate 207574-74-1 27 Benzoic acid,2-[4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl]-, hexyl ester 302776-68-7 281,3,5-Triazine, 2,4,6-tris(4-methoxyphenyl)-  7753-12-0 291,3,5-Triazine, 2,4,6-tris[4-[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]phenyl]- 208114-14-1 302-Propenoic acid, 3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)-   104-98-3 31 Benzoic acid,2-hydroxy-, [4-(1-methylethyl)phenyl]methyl ester  94134-93-7 321,2,3-Propanetriol, 1-(4-aminobenzoate)   136-44-7 33 Benzeneaceticacid, 3,4-dimethoxy-a-oxo-  4732-70-1 34 2-Propenoic acid,2-cyano-3,3-diphenyl-, ethyl ester  5232-99-5 35 Anthralinic acid,p-menth-3-yl ester   134-09-8 36 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine,N,N′-bis[4-[5-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-2- 288254-16-0benzoxazolyl]phenyl]-N″-(2-ethylhexyl)- or Uvasorb K2A 372-Hydroxy-4-methoxy benzophenone-5-sulfonic acid  4065-45-6 38Alpha-(2-oxoborn-3-ylidene)toluene-4-sulphonic acid and its salts 56039-58-8 39 MethylN,N,N-trimethyl-4-[(4,7,7-trimethyl-3-oxobicyclo[2,2,1]hept-  52793-97-22-ylidene)methyl]anilinium sulphate; 40 4-aminobenzoic acid   150-13-041 2-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole-5-sulphonic acid  27503-81-7 423,3′-(1,4-phenylenedimethylene)bis[7,7-dimethyl-2-oxo-  90457-82-2bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-1-methanesulfonic acid] 431H-Benzimidazole-4,6-disulfonic acid, 2,2′-(1,4-phenylene)bis-,180898-37-7 disodium salt 44 Benzenesulfonic acid,3-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxy-5-(1-  92484-48-5 methylpropyl)-,monosodium salt 45 1-Dodecanaminium,N-[3-[[4-(dimethylamino)benzoyl]amino]- 156679-41-3propyl]N,N-dimethyl-, salt with 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid (1:1) 461-Propanaminium, N,N,N-trimethyl-3-[(1-oxo-3-phenyl-2-propenyl)-177190-98-6 amino]-, chloride 47 1H-Benzimidazole-4,6-disulfonic acid,2,2′-(1,4-phenylene)bis- 170864-82-1 48 1-Propanaminium,3-[[3-[3-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-(1,1-dimethyl- 340964-15-0ethyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl]-1-oxopropyl]amino]-N,N-diethyl-N-methyl-, methylsulfate (salt) 492,2′-bis(1,4-phenylene)-1H-benzimidazole-4,6-disulphonic acid mono 349580-12-7, sodium salt or Disodium phenyl dibenzimidazoletetrasulfonate or Neoheliopan AP

The use of UV absorbers can effectively protect natural and dyed hairfrom the damaging rays of the sun and increase the wash fastness of dyedhair.

Furthermore, the following UV absorbers or combinations may be used inthe dyeing compositions according to the invention:

-   -   cationic benzotriazole UV absorbers as for example described in        WO 01/36396 especially on p. 1, I. 20 to p. 2, I. 24, and        preferred on p. 3 to 5, and on p. 26 to 37;    -   cationic benzotriazole UV in combination with antioxidants as        described in WO 01/36396, especially on p. 11, I. 14 to p. 18;    -   UV absorbers in combination with antioxidants as described in        U.S. Pat. No. 5,922,310, especially in col 2, I. 1 to 3;    -   UV absorbers in combination with antioxidants as described in        U.S. Pat. No. 4,786,493, especially in col 1, 42 to col 2, I. 7,        and preferred in col 3, 43 to col 5, I. 20;    -   combination of UV absorbers as described in U.S. Pat. No.        5,830,441, especially in col 4, I. 53 to 56;    -   combination of UV absorbers as described in WO 01/36396,        especially on p. 11, I. 9 to 13; or    -   triazine derivatives as described in WO 98/22447, especially        on p. 1, I. 23 to p. 2, I. 4, and preferred on p. 2, I. 11 to p.        3, I. 15 and most preferred on p. 6 to 7, and 12 to 16. Suitable        cosmetic preparations may usually contain from 0.05 to 40% b.w.,        preferably from 0.1 to 20% b.w., based on the total weight of        the composition, of one or more UV absorbers;    -   consistency regulators, such as sugar esters, polyol esters or        polyol alkyl ethers;    -   fats and waxes, such as spermaceti, beeswax, montan wax,        paraffins, fatty alcohols and fatty acid esters;    -   fatty alkanolamides;    -   polyethylene glycols and polypropylene glycols having a        molecular weight of from 150 to 50 000, for example such as        those described in EP-A-801 942, especially p. 3, I. 44 to 55,    -   complexing agents, such as EDTA, NTA and phosphonic acids,    -   swelling and penetration substances, such as polyols and polyol        ethers, as listed extensively, for example, in EP-A-962 219,        especially p. 27, I. 18 to 38, for example glycerol, propylene        glycol, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, butyl glycol, benzyl        alcohol, carbonates, hydrogen carbonates, guanidines, ureas and        also primary, secondary and tertiary phosphates, imidazoles,        tannins, pyrrole;    -   opacifiers, such as latex;    -   pearlising agents, such as ethylene glycol mono- and        di-stearate;    -   propellants, such as propane-butane mixtures, N₂O, dimethyl        ether, CO₂ and air;    -   antioxidants; preferably the phenolic antioxidants and hindered        nitroxyl compounds disclosed in ip.com (IPCOM #000033153D);    -   sugar-containing polymers, as described in EP-A-970 687;    -   quaternary ammonium salts, as described in WO 00/10517;    -   Bacteria inhibiting agents, like preservatives that have a        specific action against gram-positive bacteria, such as        2,4,4′-trichloro-2′-hydroxydiphenyl ether, chlorhexidine        (1,6-di(4-chlorophenyl-biguanido)hexane) or TCC        (3,4,4′-trichlorocarbanilide). A large number of aromatic        substances and ethereal oils also have antimicrobial properties.        Typical examples are the active ingredients eugenol, menthol and        thymol in clove oil, mint oil and thyme oil. A natural        deodorising agent of interest is the terpene alcohol farnesol        (3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrien-1-ol), which is present in        lime blossom oil. Glycerol monolaurate has also proved to be a        bacteriostatic agent. The amount of the additional        bacteria-inhibiting agents present is usually from 0.1 to 2%        b.w., based on the solids content of the preparations;

The dyeing compositions according to the present invention generallycomprise at least one surfactant selected from zwitterionic orampholytic, or more preferably anionic, non-ionic and/or cationicsurfactants.

Suitable anionic surfactants in the dyeing compositions according to thepresent invention include all anionic surface-active substances that aresuitable for use on the human body. Such substances are characterised byan anionic group that imparts water solubility, for example acarboxylate, sulfate, sulfonate or phosphate group, and a lipophilicalkyl group having approximately 10 to 22 carbon atoms. In addition,glycol or polyglycol ether groups, ester, ether and amide groups andalso hydroxy groups may be present in the molecule. The following areexamples of suitable anionic surfactants, each in the form of sodium,potassium or ammonium salts or mono-, di- or tri-alkanolammonium saltshaving 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the alkanol group:

-   -   linear fatty acids having 10 to 22 carbon atoms (soaps),    -   ether carboxylic acids of formula R—O—(CH₂—CH₂—O)_(x)—CH₂—COOH,        in which R is a linear alkyl group having 10 to 22 carbon atoms        and x=0 or from 1 to 16,    -   acyl sarcosides having 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the acyl group,    -   acyl taurides having 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the acyl group,    -   acyl isothionates having 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the acyl        group,    -   sulfosuccinic mono- and di-alkyl esters having 8 to 18 carbon        atoms in the alkyl group and sulfosuccinic monoalkylpolyoxyethyl        esters having 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and from 1        to 6 oxyethyl groups,    -   linear alkane sulfonates having 12 to 18 carbon atoms,    -   linear α-olefin sulfonates having 12 to 18 carbon atoms,    -   α-sulfo fatty acid methyl esters of fatty acids having 12 to 18        carbon atoms,    -   alkyl sulfates and alkyl polyglycol ether sulfates of formula        R′—O(CH₂—CH₂—O)_(x)—SO₃H, in which R′ is a preferably linear        alkyl group having 10 to 18 carbon atoms and x′=0 or from 1 to        12,    -   mixtures of surface-active hydroxysulfonates according to DE-A-3        725 030;    -   sulfated hydroxyalkylpolyethylene and/or        hydroxyalkylenepropylene glycol ethers according to DE-A-3 723        354, especially p. 4, I. 42 to 62,    -   sulfonates of unsaturated fatty acids having 12 to 24 carbon        atoms and 1 to 6 double bonds according to DE-A-3 926 344,        especially p. 2, I. 36 to 54,    -   esters of tartaric acid and citric acid with alcohols which are        addition products of approximately from 2 to 15 molecules of        ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide with fatty alcohols having        from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, or    -   anionic surfactants, as described in WO 00/10518, especially p.        45, I. 11 to p. 48, I. 3.

Preferred anionic surfactants are alkyl sulfates, alkyl polyglycol ethersulfates and ether carboxylic acids having 10 to 18 carbon atoms in thealkyl group and up to 12 glycol ether groups in the molecule, and alsoespecially salts of saturated and especially unsaturatedC₈-C₂₂carboxylic acids, such as oleic acid, stearic acid, isostearicacid and palmitic acid.

Surface-active compounds that carry at least one quaternary ammoniumgroup and at least one —COO⁻ or —SO₃ ⁻ group in the molecule areterminated zwitterionic surfactants. Preference is given the so-calledbetaines, such as the N-alkylN,N-dimethylammonium glycinates, forexample cocoalkyldimethylammonium glycinate,N-acylaminopropyl-N,N-dimethylammonium glycinates, for examplecocoacylaminopropyldimethylammonium glycinate, and2-alkyl-3-carboxymethyl-3-hydroxyethylimidazoline having from 8 to 18carbon atoms in the alkyl or acyl group and alsococoacylaminoethylhydroxyethylcarboxymethyl glycinate. A preferredzwitterionic surfactant is the fatty acid amide derivative known by theCTFA name cocoamidopropyl betaine.

Ampholytic surfactants are surface-active compounds that, in addition toa C₈-C₁₈-alkyl or -acyl group and contain at least one free amino groupand at least one —COOH or —SO₃H group in the molecule and are capable offorming internal salts. Examples of suitable ampholytic surfactantsinclude N-alkylglycines, N-alkylpropionic acids, N-alkylaminobutyricacids, N-alkyliminodipropionic acids,N-hydroxyethyl-N-alkylamidopropylglycines, N-alkyltaurines,N-alkylsarcosines, 2-alkylaminopropionic acids and alkylaminoaceticacids, each having approximately from 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkylgroup. Ampholytic surfactants to which special preference is given areN-cocoalkylaminopropionate, cocoacylaminoethylaminopropionate andC₁₂-C₁₈acylsarcosine.

Suitable non-ionic surfactants are described in WO 00/10519, especiallyp. 45, I. 11 to p. 50, I. 12. Non-ionic surfactants contain ashydrophilic group, for example, a polyol group, a polyalkylene glycolether group or a combination of polyol and polyglycol ether groups. Suchcompounds are, for example:

-   -   addition products of 2 to 30 mol of ethylene oxide and/or 0 to 5        mol of propylene oxide with linear fatty alcohols having 8 to 22        carbon atoms, with fatty acids having 12 to 22 carbon atoms and        with alkylphenols having 8 to 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl        group,    -   C₁₂-C₂₂ fatty acid mono- and di-esters of addition products of 1        to 30 mol of ethylene oxide with glycerol,    -   C₈-C₂₂alkyl-mono- and -oligo-glycosides and ethoxylated        analogues thereof,    -   addition products of 5 to 60 mol of ethylene oxide with castor        oil and hydrogenated castor oil,    -   addition products of ethylene oxide with sorbitan fatty acid        esters,    -   addition products of ethylene oxide with fatty acid        alkanolamides.

The surfactants which are addition products of ethylene and/or propyleneoxide with fatty alcohols or derivatives of such addition products mayeither be products having a “normal” homologue distribution or productshaving a restricted homologue distribution. “Normal” homologuedistribution are mixtures of homologues obtained in the reaction offatty alcohol and alkylene oxide using alkali metals, alkali metalhydroxides or alkali metal alcoholates as catalysts. Restrictedhomologue distributions, on the other hand, are obtained when, forexample, hydrotalcites, alkali metal salts of ether carboxylic acids,alkali metal oxides, hydroxides or alcoholates are used as catalysts.

The use of products having restricted homologue distribution may bepreferred.

Examples of cationic surfactants that can be used in the dyeingcompositions according to the invention are especially quaternaryammonium compounds. Preference is given to ammonium halides, such asalkyltrimethylammonium chlorides, dialkyldimethylammonium chlorides andtrialkylmethylammonium chlorides, for example cetyltrimethylammoniumchloride, stearyltrimethylammonium chloride, distearyidimethy-lammoniumchloride, lauryldimethylammonium chloride, lauryldimethylbenzylammoniumchloride and tricetyl-methylammonium chloride. Further cationicsurfactants that can be used in accordance with the invention arequaternised protein hydrolysates.

Also suitable are cationic silicone oils, such as, for example, thecommercially available products Q2-7224 (manufacturer: Dow Corning; astabilised trimethylsilylamodimethicone), Dow Corning 929 emulsion(comprising a hydroxylamino-modified silicone, which is also referred toas amodimethicone), SM-2059 (manufacturer: General Electric), SLM-55067(manufacturer: Wacker) and also Abil®-Quat 3270 and 3272 (manufacturer:Th. Goldschmidt; diquaternary polydimethylsiloxanes, quaternium-80), orsilicones, as described in WO 00/12057, especially p. 45, I. 9 to p. 55,I. 2.

Alkylamidoamines, especially fatty acid amidoamines, such as thestearylamidopropyl-dimethylamine obtainable under the name Tego Amid® 18are also preferred as surfactants in the present dyeing compositions.They are distinguished not only by a good conditioning action but alsoespecially by their good biodegradability.

Quaternary ester compounds, so-called “esterquats”, such as the methylhydroxyalkyl-dialkoyloxyalkylammonium methosulfates marketed under thetrademark Stepantex®, are also very readily biodegradable.

An example of a quaternary sugar derivative that can be used as cationicsurfactant is the commercial product Glucquat® 100, according to CTFAnomenclature a “lauryl methyl gluceth-10 hydroxypropyl dimoniumchloride”.

The alkyl-group-containing compounds used as surfactants may be singlesubstances, but the use of natural raw materials of vegetable or animalorigin is generally preferred in the preparation of such substances,with the result that the substance mixtures obtained have differentalkyl chain lengths according to the particular starting material used.

A further preferred embodiment of the present invention relates to amethod of treating keratin-containing fibers with oligomeric cationicdyes of formula (1).

Oligomeric cationic dyes of formula (1) wherein X is C₁-C₁₀alkylene orbiphenylene, which is interrupted by one or more —S—S— may be used forthe dyeing of keratin-containing fibers in a reductive dyeing process,i.e. in the presence of a reduction agent.

Therefore, the present invention relates to a method of dyeingkeratin-containing fibers which comprises treating the fiber with atleast one dye of formula (1), wherein X is C₁-C₁₀alkylene orbiphenylene, which is interrupted by one or more —S—S—, in the presenceof a reduction agent.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to a process, comprisingtreating the hair with

-   a. a reduction agent, and-   b. at least one single dye of formula (1), wherein X is    C₁-C₁₀alkylene or biphenylene, which is interrupted by one or more    —S—S—, and optionally-   c. with an oxidizing agent.

The sequence of the reaction steps is generally not important, thereduction agent can be applied first or in a final step.

Preferred is a process, which comprises treating the hair

-   a₁. with at least one single dye of formula (1) wherein X is    C₁-C₁₀alkylene or biphenylene, which is interrupted by one or more    —S—S—, and-   b₁. then with a reduction agent; or    a process, which comprises treating the hair-   a₂. with a reduction agent and-   b₂. then with at least one single sulfide dye of formula (1),    wherein X is C₁-C₁₀alkylene or biphenylene, which is interrupted by    one or more —S—S—.

In the present invention preferred is further a process, which comprisestreating the hair

a. with a reduction agent,b. then with at least one dye of formula (1), wherein X isC₁-C₁₀alkylene or biphenylene, which is interrupted by one or more—S—S—; andc. then with an oxidizing agent.

A further process of the present invention comprises contacting hair

a. with at least one single dye of formula (1), wherein X isC₁-C₁₀alkylene or biphenylene, which is interrupted by one or more—S—S—,b. then with a reduction agent, andc. then with an oxidizing agent.

Usually, the oxidizing agent is applied together with an acid or a base.

The acid is for example citric acid, phosphoric acid or tartrate acid.

The base is for example sodium hydroxide, ammonia or monoethanolamine.

Preferred reduction agents are for example thioglycol acid or saltsthereof, gycerine monothioglycolat, cystein, 2-mercaptopropionic acid,2-mercaptoethylamine, thiolactic acid, thioglycerine, sodium sulfite,dithionithe, ammonium sulfite, sodium bisulfite, sodium metabisulfite orhydrochinon.

In addition, the present invention relates to a method of

-   a. treating the keratin-containing fibers with a compound of formula    (1),-   b. wearing the coloured hair for the desired period of time,-   c. removing the colour applied in step a. from hair by contacting    the hair with an aqueous based colour removal composition containing    a reduction agent.

A further preferred embodiment of the present invention thereforerelates to a method of dyeing hair with an oxidative dye system, whichcomprises

-   a. mixing at least one dye of formula (1) and optionally at least    one dye precursor and at least one developer compound, and an    oxidizing agent, which optionally contains at least one further dye,    and-   b. contacting the keratin-containing fibers with the mixture as    prepared in step a.

The pH-value of the oxidizing agent free composition is usually from 3to 11, and in particular from 5 to 10, and most particular about 9 to10.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to a process for dyeingkeratin-containing fibers which comprises treating thekeratin-containing fiber with at least one dye of formula (1), a baseand an oxidizing agent.

In general, the oxidizing agent containing composition is left on thefiber for 0 to 15 minutes, in particular for 0 to 5 minutes at 15 to 45°C., usually in amounts of 30 to 200 g.

The oxidation dyeing process usually involves lightening, that is to saythat it involves applying to the keratin-containing fibers, at basic pH,a mixture of bases and aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, leaving theapplied mixture to stand on the hair and then rinsing the hair. Itallows, particularly in the case of hair dyeing, the melanin to belightened and the hair to be dyed.

Lightening the melanin has the advantageous effect of creating a unifieddyeing in the case of grey hair, and, in the case of naturally pigmentedhair, of bringing out the color, that is to say of making it morevisible.

Oxidizing agents are for example persulfate or dilute hydrogen peroxidesolutions, hydrogen peroxide emulsions or hydrogen peroxide gels,alkaline earth metal peroxides, organic peroxides, such as ureaperoxides, melamine peroxides, or alkalimetalbromat fixations are alsoapplicable if a shading powder on the basis of semi-permanent, directhair dyes is used.

Further preferred oxidizing agents are

-   -   oxidizing agents to achieve lightened coloration, as described        in WO 97/20545, especially p. 9, I. 5 to 9,    -   oxidizing agents in the form of permanent-wave fixing solution,        as described in DE-A-19 713 698, especially p. 4, I. 52 to 55,        and I. 60 and 61 or EP-A-1062940, especially p. 6, I. 41 to 47        (and in the equivalent WO 99/40895).

Most preferred oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide, preferably used ina concentration from about 2 to 30%, more preferably about 3 to 20% by,and most preferably from 6 to 12% b.w. the corresponding composition.

The oxidizing agents may be present in the dyeing compositions accordingto the invention preferably in an amount from 0.01% to 6%, especiallyfrom 0.01% to 1%, based on the total dyeing composition.

In general, the dyeing with an oxidizing agent is carried out in thepresence of a base, for example ammonia, alkali metal carbonates, earthmetal (potassium or lithium) carbonates, alkanol amines, such as mono-,di- or triethanolamine, alkali metal (sodium) hydroxides, earth metalhydroxides or compounds of the formula

R is a propylene residue, which may be substituted with OH orC₁-C₄alkyl,

R₃, R₄, R₅ and R₆ are independently or dependently from each otherhydrogen, C₁-C₄alkyl or hydroxy-(C₁-C₄)alkyl.

The pH-value of the oxidizing agent containing composition is usuallyabout 2 to 7, and in particular about 2 to 5.

Generally the hair is rinsed after treatment with the dyeing solutionand/or permanent-wave solution.

The oxidation dye systems together with the dyes of formula (1) areapplied on the keratineous fiber in a ready-to-use composition, whichcomprises, on the one hand, a composition (A) comprising, in a mediumwhich is suitable for dyeing, at least one developer compound,especially selected from para-phenylenediamines andbis(phenyl)alkylenediamines, and the acid-addition salts thereof, atleast one coupler, especially selected from meta-phenylenediamines andthe acid-addition salts thereof, and at least one dye of formula (1), onthe other hand, a composition (B) containing, in a medium which issuitable for dyeing, at least one oxidizing agent.

The compositions (A) and (B) are mixed together immediately beforeapplying this mixture to the keratin-containing fibers.

Alternatively, the ready-to-use-composition comprises a composition (A)comprising, in a medium which is suitable for dyeing, at least onedeveloper compound, especially selected from para-phenylenediamines andbis(phenyl)alkylenediamines, and the acid-addition salts thereof, atleast one coupler compound, especially selected frommeta-phenylenediamines and the acid-addition salts thereof; on the otherhand, a composition (A′) comprising, in a medium which is suitable fordyeing, at least one dye of formula (1), and, finally, a composition (B)containing, in a medium which is suitable for dyeing, at least oneoxidizing agent as defined above.

The compositions (A), (A′) and (B) are mixed together immediately beforeapplying this mixture to the keratin-containing fibers.

The composition (A′) used according to this second embodiment mayoptionally be in powder form, the dye(s) of formula (1) (themselves)constituting, in this case, all of the composition (A′) or optionallybeing dispersed in an organic and/or inorganic pulverulent excipient.

When present in the composition A′, the organic excipient may be ofsynthetic or natural origin and is selected in particular fromcrosslinked and non-crosslinked synthetic polymers, polysaccharides suchas celluloses and modified or unmodified starches, as well as naturalproducts such as sawdust and plant gums (guar gum, carob gum, xanthangum, etc.).

When present in the composition (A′), the inorganic excipient maycontain metal oxides such as titanium oxides, aluminium oxides, kaolin,talc, silicates, mica and silicas.

A very suitable excipient in the dyeing compositions according to theinvention is sawdust.

The powdered composition (A′) may also contain binders or coatingproducts in an amount which preferably does not exceed approximately 3%b.w. relative to the total weight of composition (A′). These binders arepreferably selected from oils and liquid fatty substances of inorganic,synthetic, animal or plant origin.

The pH value of the ready-to-use dyeing compositions is usually from 2to 11, preferably from 5 to 10.

Another preferred method of applying formulations comprising the dyes offormula (1) on the keratin-containing fiber, preferably the hair is byusing a multi-compartment dyeing device or “kit” or any othermulti-compartment packaging system, as described for example in WO97/20545 on p. 4, I. 19 to I. 27.

The first compartment contains for example at least one dye of formula(1) and optionally further direct dyes and a basifying agent, and in thesecond compartment an oxidizing agent; or in the first compartment atleast one dye of formula (1) and optionally further direct dyes, in thesecond compartment a basifying agent and in the third compartment anoxidizing agent.

The dyes of formula (1) are suitable for all-over dyeing of the hair,that is to say when dyeing the hair on a first occasion, and also forre-dyeing subsequently, or dyeing of locks or parts of the hair.

The dyes of formula (1) are applied on the hair for example by massagewith the hand, a comb, a brush, or a bottle, or a bottle, which iscombined with a comb or a nozzle.

In the processes for dyeing according to the invention, whether or notdyeing is to be carried out in the presence of a further dye will dependupon the color shade to be obtained.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to a process for dyeingkeratin-containing fibers with the dyes of formula (1) and cappeddiazotised compounds, which comprises,

-   a. treating the keratin-containing fibers under alkaline conditions    with at least one capped diazotised compound and a coupler compound,    and optionally a developer compound and optionally an oxidizing    agent, and optionally in the presence of a further dye, and    optionally with at least one dye of formula (1); and-   b. adjusting the pH in the range of 6 to 2 by treatment with an    acid, optionally in the presence of a further dye, and optionally at    least one dye of formula (1),    with the proviso that at least in one step a. or b. at least one dye    of formula (1) is present.

The capped diazotised compound and coupler compound and optionally theoxidizing agent and developer compound can be applied in any desiredorder successively, or simultaneously.

Preferably, the capped diazotised compound and the coupler compound areapplied simultaneously, in a single composition.

“Alkaline conditions” denotes a pH in the range from 8 to 10, preferably9-10, especially 9.5-10, which are achieved by the addition of bases,for example sodium carbonate, ammonia or sodium hydroxide.

The bases may be added to the hair, to the dye precursors, the cappeddiazotised compound and/or the water-soluble coupling component, or tothe dyeing compositions comprising the dye precursors.

Acids are for example tartaric acid or citric acid, a citric acid gel, asuitable buffer solution with optionally an acid dye.

The ratio of the amount of alkaline dyeing composition applied in thefirst stage to that of acid dyeing composition applied in the secondstage is preferably about from 1:3 to 3:1, especially about 1:1.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to a process for dyeingkeratin-containing fibers with the dyes of formula (1) and at least oneacid dye.

The following Examples serve to illustrate the processes for dyeingwithout limiting the processes thereto. Unless specified otherwise,parts and percentages relate to weight. The amounts of dye specified arerelative to the material being coloured.

T, s, d, q and J, wherein t is a triplett, s is singulett, d is duplett,q is a quartett, and J is a coupling constant, define the NMR spectravalues.

EXAMPLES A Preparation of New Compounds Example 1 Preparation of theCompound of Formula

1a. Monoazo Intermediate

13.0 g 2,4-difluoroanilin are added to a stirred solution of 25 ml waterand 25 ml of 32% hydrochloric acid at 295 K. The reaction mixture iscooled to 273 K and 19 ml 36% sodium nitrite solution are dropped atsuch a rate that the temperature of the mixture is maintained in therange of 273 to 276 K. After the addition of the sodium nitritesolution, the mixture is stirred for one hour. If no excess of nitriteis detected during one hour (detection by use of a potassiumiodide/starch paper), further amounts of sodium nitrite solution areadded. After this one hour the remaining excess of nitrite is destroyedwith sulfamic acid.

The obtained diazo solution is dropped to a 273 K cold solution of 7.4 gimidazole in 30 ml water, whereby the pH of the solution is maintainedin the range of pH 10 to 11 by adding 36% sodium hydroxide solution.After completing the diazo addition, the obtained suspension is warmedup to 295 K and the pH is adjusted to 10.5 with 36% sodium hydroxidesolution. After one hour of stirring at this pH and temperature, thesuspension is filtered off and washed twice with 50 ml water to obtain85 g of the humid product

200 ml water are introduced into a reaction vessel and the filter cakefrom the previous step is added and suspend by stirring. Dimethylsulfate(DMS) and sodium hydroxide are added simultaneously maintaining the pHat 10-10.3 and the temperature at 25-30° C. 0.3 mole of dimethylsulfateare added within ca. 5 hours and maintained for one more hour to finishthe hydrolysis of excess of DMS. The disappearance of DMS is controlledand the water is evaporated.

Ca. 40 g of a humid solid, which gives 35 g dried product of formula

are obtained.

The product is characterized by

-   -   1H-NMR Data in deuterated methanol (128 scans)/360 MHz:

Compound (101a) 8.12 dt J = 9.6 1.03 1 J = 5.8 7.873 s 2.00 Imidazol7.41 ddd J = 7.6 0.99 2 J = 6.7 J = 2.7 7.260 T, q J = 6.7 0.996 4 J =1.3 4.194 s 6.11 Dimethyl Imidazol 3.69 s 4.01 Methyl MMS1b. Polycondensation

34.8 g of the compound of formula (101a) are added to a stirred mixtureof 6.0 g ethylenediamine, 40 ml water under nitrogen atmosphere at 293K. The temperature is raised to 323 K. The reaction mixture is stirredfor 16 hours at this temperature under normal pressure, maintaining thepH at 10 by addition of a sodium hydroxide solution. The reaction massis stirred for 4 hours while the temperature is decreased to 295 K. Thereaction mass is filtered off and the filter residue washed with 15 mlwater and dried in vacuum to obtain 35.0 g of the compound of formula(101).

The product is characterized by the following data:

-   -   The a main component of a polycation of the mass 3000.    -   1H-NMR Data in deuterated methanol (128 scans)/360 MHz:

Compound (101) 7.6 broad 1.03 7.2 broad 2.00 Imidazol 6.5 broad 0.98broad 3.6 broad 6.01 Dimethyl Imidazol 3.69 s 4.01 Methy MMS

Example 2 Preparation of the Compound of Formula

2a. Condensation

34.8 g of the compound of formula (101a) are added to a stirred mixtureof 8.0 g N,N′-dimethyl-ethylendiamine and 40 ml water under nitrogenatmosphere at 293 K. The temperature is raised to 323 K. The reactionmixture is stirred for 16 hours at this temperature under normalpressure, maintaining the pH at 10.5 by controlled addition of a sodiumhydroxide solution. The reaction mass is stirred for 4 hours, while thetemperature is decreased to 295 K. The reaction mass is filtered off andthe filter residue is washed with 15 ml of water and dried in vacuum toobtain 39.0 g of the compound of formula (102).

The product is characterized by the following data:

-   -   The a main component of a polycation of the mass ca. 4000.    -   1H-NMR Data in deuterated methanol (128 scans)/360 MHz:

Compound (102) 7.67 broad 1.03 7.29 broad 2.00 Imidazol 6.4 broad 0.983.76 broad 6.11 Dimethyl Imidazol 3.69 s 4.01 Methyl MMS 3.1 broad 2.02.8 broad 3.1

Example 3 Preparation of the Compound of Formula

34.8 g of the compound of formula (101a) are added to a stirred mixtureof 7.2 g 1,3-propanediamine and 40 ml water under nitrogen atmosphere at293 K. The temperature is raised to 323 K. The reaction mixture isstirred for 6 hours at this temperature under normal pressure,maintaining the pH at 10.5 by controlled addition of a sodium hydroxidesolution. Then, the reaction mass is stirred for 4 hours, while thetemperature is decreased to 295 K. The reaction mass is filtered off andthe filter residue is washed with 15 ml water and dried in vacuum toobtain 38.0 g of the compound of formula (103).

The product is characterized by the following data:

-   -   The main component of a polycation of the mass 4500    -   1H-NMR Data in deuterated methanol (128 scans)/360 MHz:

Compound (103) 7.65 broad 1.03 7.2 broad 2.00 Imidazol 6.5 broad 0.983.7 broad 6.05 Dimethyl Imidazol 3.69 s 4.01 Methyl MMS 3.5 4.0methylene 2.8 2.1

Example 4 Preparation of the Compound of Formula

34.8 g of the compound of formula (101a) are added to a stirred mixtureof 10.0 g 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-diaminopropane and 40 ml water under nitrogenatmosphere at 293 K. The temperature is raised to 323 K. The reactionmixture is stirred for 16 hours at this temperature under normalpressure, maintaining the pH at 10.5 by controlled addition of a sodiumhydroxide solution. The reaction mass is stirred for 4 hours, while thetemperature is decreased to 295 K. The reaction mass is filtered off andthe filter residue is washed with 15 ml of water and dried in vacuum toobtain 40.0 g of the compound of formula (104).

The product is characterized by the following data:

The HPLC-MS gives a main component of a polycation of the mass 28001H-NMR data in deuterated chloroform (128 scans)/360 MHz:

Compound (104) 7.6 broad 1.03 7.2 broad 2.00 Imidazol 6.5 broad 0.98 3.6broad 6.01 Dimethyl Imidazol 3.69 s 4.01 Methyl MMS 3.50 broad 4.0methylene 1.2 broad 6.0 dimethyl

Example 5 Preparation of the Compound of Formula

34.8 g of the compound of formula (101a) are added to a stirred mixtureof 11.5 g 1,6-hexandiamine and 40 ml water under nitrogen atmosphere at293 K. The temperature is raised to 323 K. The reaction mixture isstirred for 16 hours at this temperature under normal pressuremaintaining the pH at 10.5 by controlled addition of a sodium hydroxidesolution. The reaction mass is stirred for 4 hours while the temperatureis decreased to 295 K. The reaction mass is filtered off and the filterresidue is washed with 15 ml water and dried in vacuum to obtain 43.0 gof the compound of formula (105).

The product is characterized by the following data:

-   -   The HPLC-MS gives a main component of a polycation of the mass        4000    -   1H-NMR data in deuterated chloroform (128 scans)/360 MHz:

Compound (105) 7.6 broad 1.03 7.2 broad 2.00 Imidazol 6.5 broad 0.983.75 broad 6.21 Dimethyl Imidazol 3.69 s broad 4.01 Methy MMS 1.8 broad3.9 ethylene 1.6 broad 4.1 ethylene

Example 6 Preparation of the Compound of Formula

34.8 g of the compound of formula (101a) are added to a stirred mixtureof 22.5 g ciste-amine dichlorohydrate and 40 ml water under nitrogenatmosphere at 293 K. The temperature is raised to 323 K. The reactionmixture is stirred for 16 hour at this temperature under normalpressure, maintaining the pH at 10.5 by controlled addition of a sodiumhydroxide solution. The reaction mass is stirred for 4 hours while thetemperature is decreased to 295 K. The reaction mass is filtered off andthe filter residue is washed with 15 ml water and dried in vacuum toobtain 53.0 g of the compound of formula (106).

The product is characterized by the following data:

-   -   The HPLC-MS gives a main component of a polycation of the mass        3800    -   1H-NMR data in deuterated chloroform (128 scans)/360 MHz:

Compound (106) 7.63 broad 1.03 7.21 broad 2.00 Imidazol 6.61 broad 0.986.38 broad 1.00 3.8 broad 6.06 Dimethyl Imidazol 3.69 s 4.01 Methyl MMS3.50 broad 2.1 ethylene 3.06 broad 1.8 ethylene

Example 7 Preparation of the Compound of Formula

34.8 g of the compound of formula (101a) are added to a stirred mixture11.5 g 1,6-hexandiamine and 40 ml water under nitrogen atmosphere at 293K. The temperature is raised to 323 K. The reaction mixture is stirredfor 16 hours at this temperature under normal pressure, maintaining thepH at 10.5 by controlled addition of a sodium hydroxide solution. Thereaction mass is stirred for 4 hours while the temperature is decreasedto 295 K. The reaction mass is filtered off and the filter residuewashed with 15 ml water and dried in vacuum to obtain 43.0 g of thecompound of formula (107).

The product is characterized by the following data:

-   -   The HPLC-MS gives a main component of a polycation of the mass        4500.    -   1H-NMR data in deuterated chloroform (128 scans)/360 MHz:

Compound (107) 7.67 broad 1.01 7.29 broad 2.00 Imidazol 6.4 broad 0.983.75 broad 6.01 Dimethyl Imidazol 3.69 s 4.01 Methyl MMS 3.0 broad 3.8ethylene 2.7 broad 4.2 ethylene

B-APPLICATION EXAMPLES

The washing fastness of the dyed hair is analyzed by the Grey scaleaccording to Industrial organic pigments by Herbst&Hunger, 2nd ed. engl.S. 61) Nr 10: DIN 54 001-8-1982, “Herstellung und Bewertung derAenderung der Farbe”, ISO 105-A02-1993.

In the following application examples compositions within the belowgiven definitions are used:

Solution 1 (Permanent Lotion, pH 8.2):

Aqua, Ammonium Thioglycolate, Ammonium Bicarbonate, Ethoxydiglycol,Hexylene Glycol, Thioglycolic Acid; Thiolactic Acid, PEG-60 HydrogenatedCastor Oil, Glycine, Etidronic Acid, Isoceteth-20, Polysilicone-9,Styrene/PVP Copolymer, Trideceth-12, Amodimethicone, CetrimoniumChloride, Ammonium Hydroxide, Polyquaternium-6, Isopropyl Alcohol,Alcohol denat., Simethicone, Parfum

Solution 2 (Permanent Fixation, DH 3.9): Based on:

Aqua, Hydrogen Peroxide, Propylene Glycol, Lauryldimonium HydroxypropylHydrolyzed Wheat Protein, PEG-5 Cocamide, Sodium Cocoamphoacetate,Polyquaternium-35, Coco-Betaine, Acetaminophen, Phosphoric Acid, SodiumChloride, Parfum

Solution 3 (Dyeing Solution):

0.1% of the dye is dissolved in a 10% solution of a non-ionic surfactant(Plantacare 200UP, Henkel) adjusted to pH 9.5 using citric acid ormonoethanolamine.

Example B1

40 mg of compound of formula (106) are dissolved in 8 g methanol andthen 32 g of water is added: This red-brown dyeing solution is appliedon the dry hair (two blond, two middle blond and two damaged hairstrands) at a room temperature and allowed to stand for 20 min. at roomtemperature. Then, the strands are rinsed under tap water (Watertemperature: 37° C.+/−1° C.; flow rate of water: 5-6 l/min.) and dried12 hours.

Washing fastness: 10× washed with shampoo.

Results: Strand Colour result Washing fastness blond Red-brown/good 2-3middelblond Red-brown/good 2-3 damaged Red-brown/good 2-3

Example B2

A solution 1 (permanent lotion) is applied on shampooed hair (two blond,two middle blond and two damaged hair strands) at a room temperature andallowed to stand for 10 min. Then, the strands are rinsed under tapwater (Water temperature: 37° C.+/−1° C.; flow rate of water: 5-6l/min.) and the towel dry strands are treated with the 0.1%, by weightcolouring material solution of example B1 allowed to stand for 20 minand then rinsed. Then, the towel dry strands are treated with thesolution 2 (permanent fixation) and allowed to stand for 10 min.

Then the strands are rinsed under tap water and dried for 12 hours atroom temperature.

Washing fastness: 10× washed with shampoo.

Results: Strand Colour Washing fastness blond Red-brown/very good 4-5middelblond Red-brown/very good 4-5 damaged Red-brown/very good 4-5

Example B3

35 mg of compound of formula (101) are dissolved in 15 g methanol andthen 20 g of 10% plantaren solution (pH=9.5) is added:

This red-brown dyeing solution is applied on the dry hair (two blond,two middle blond and two damaged hair strands) at room temperature andallowed to stand for 20 min. at room temperature.

Then, the strands are rinsed under tap (Water temperature: 37° C.+/−1°C. flow rate of water: 5-6 l/min.) water and dried 12 hours.

Washing fastness: 10× washed with shampoo.

Results: Strand Colour result Washing fastness blond Red-brown/good 4middelblond Red-brown/good 3-4 damaged Red-brown/good 4

Example B4

40 mg of compound of formula (102) are dissolved in 8 g methanol andthen 32 g of 10% plantaren solution (pH=9.5) is added:

This violet dyeing solution is applied on the dry hair (two blond, twomiddle blond and two damaged hair strands) at room temperature andallowed to stand for 20 min. at room temperature. Then, the strands arerinsed under tap water (Water temperature: 37° C.+/−1° C.; flow rate ofwater: 5-6 l/min.) and dried for 12 hours.

Washing fastness: 10× washed with shampoo.

Results: Strand Colour result Washing fastness blond Violet/good 2-3middelblond Violet/good 2-3 damaged Violet/good 3-4

Example B5

40 mg of compound of formula (103) are dissolved in 8 g methanol andthen 32 g of water is added:

This red-brown dyeing solution is applied on the dry hair (two blond,two middle blond and two damaged hair strands) at room temperature andallowed to stand for 20 min. at room temperature.

Then, the strands are rinsed under tap water (Water temperature: 37°C.+/−1° C.; flow rate of water: 5-6 l/min.) and dried 12 hours.

Washing fastness: 10× washed with shampoo.

Results: Strand Colour result Washing fastness blond Red-brown/good 2-3middelblond Red-brown/good 2-3 damaged Red-brown/good 2-3

Example B6

35 mg of compound of formula (104) are dissolved in 15 g methanol andthen 20 g of 10% plantaren solution (pH=9.5) is added.

This red-brown dyeing solution is applied on the dry hair (two blond,two middle blond and two damaged hair strands) at room temperature andallowed to stand for 20 min. at room temperature.

Then, the strands are rinsed under tap water (Water temperature: 37°C.+/−1° C.; flow rate of water: 5-6 l/min.) and dried 12 hours.

Washing fastness: 10× washed with shampoo.

Results Strand Colour result Washing fastness blond Red-brown/good 3-4middelblond Red-brown/good 3 damaged Red-brown/good 3

Example B7

35 mg of the compound of formula (105) are dissolved in 15 g methanoland then 20 g of water is added:

This red-brown dyeing solution is applied on the dry hair (two blond,two middle blond and two damaged hair strands) and allowed to stand for20 min. at room temperature.

Then, the strands are rinsed under tap water (Water temperature: 37°C.+/−1° C.; flow rate of water: 5-6 l/min.) and dried 12 hours.

Washing fastness: 10× washed with shampoo.

Results: Strand Colour result Washing fastness blond Red-brown/good 3middelblond Red-brown/good 3 damaged Red-brown/good 3

Example B8

A dye emulsion containing 1% of the dye of formula (101); pH=9.8

Cetylstearylalcohol 11.00 Oleth-5 5.0 Oleic acid 2.5 Stearic acidmonoethanolamide 2.5 Coco fatty acid monoethanolamide 2.5 Sodiumlaurylsulphate 1.7 1,2-Propanediol 1.0 Ammoniumchloride 0.5 EDTA,Tetrasodiumsalt 0.2 Perfume 0.4 Cornproteinhydrolysate 0.2 Silica 0.1is mixed with the same weight of 6% hydrogen peroxide solution and themixture is immediately applied to a tress of brown hair at roomtemperature.

After 30 minutes the tress is rinsed under tap water (Water temperature:37° C.+/−1° C.; flow rate of water: 5-6 l/min.), shampooed, rinsed anddried.

The tress has been dyed red-brown.

Example B9

A dye emulsion, containing

0.1% of the dye of formula (102)3.5% Cetearyl alcohol

1.0% Ceteareth 30 0.5% Glycol Distearate 3.0% Stearamide DEA 1.0% SodiumOleoamphohydroxypropyl Sulfonate 0.5% Polyquarternium-6 and

water ad 100%is applied for 30 minutes, at room temperature, to bleached human hair,and rinsed under tap water (Water temperature: 37° C.+/−1° C.; flow rateof water: 5-6 l/min.).

The result is a violet dyeing with good fastnesses.

Example B10

A dye emulsion containing

Cetearyl Alcohol 12.000 Ceteareth-25 5.000 Glyceryl Stearate SE 2.500Glycol Distearate 0.500 Polysorbate 60 0.500 Oleth-10 2.000 CetearylOctanoate 0.750 Deionized Water 70° C. 72.400 Disodium EDTA 0.050Compound of formula (103) 0.900 Monoethanolamine 99% 1.000 HydrolyzedWheat Protein 20% 1.000 Monoethanolamine 99% ~0.900 Fragrance Drom 854148 Linden Blossom 0.500 pH-Value: 9.90-10.40is applied for 30 minutes, at room temperature, to middle blond humanhair, and rinsed under tap water (Water temperature: 37° C.+/−1° C.;flow rate of water: 5-6 l/min.).

The result is a copper dyeing with good fastnesses.

Example B11

The dye emulsion of application example BIO is mixed with the sameweight of 6% hydrogen peroxide solution and the mixture is immediatelyapplied to a tress of brown hair at room temperature. After 30 minutesthe tress is rinsed under tap water (Water temperature: 37° C.+/−1° C.;flow rate of water: 5-6 l/min.), shampooed, rinsed and dried.

The tress has been dyed an intensive copper shade.

Example B12

60 ml of part A, 60 ml of part B and 3 ml of part C are mixed in amixing bowl or applicator bottle and the mixture is immediately appliedto a tress of brown hair at room temperature. After 30 minutes the tressis rinsed under tap water (Water temperature: 37° C.+/−1° C.; flow rateof water: 5-6 l/min.), shampooed, rinsed and dried.

The tress has been dyed an intensive red.

INGREDIENT w/w % Part A Shade: Pure Red Deionized Water RT 20.00 SodiumSulfite 0.60 Disodium EDTA 0.05 Cocamidopropyl Betaine 30% 4.00Propylene Glycol 2.50 Monoethanolamine 99% 1.00 Toluene-2,5-DiamineSulfate 0.25 p-Aminophenol 0.50 4-Amino-2-Hydroxytoluene 0.702-Methyl-5-Hydroxyethylaminophenol 0.50 2-Amino-4-Hydroxyethyl AASulfate 0.10 Erythorbic Acid 0.40 Deionized Water RT 43.55Hydroxyethylcellulose - Natrosol 250 HHR CG 0.75 Deionized Water RT10.00 Isopropyl Alcohol 8.00 Oleth-10 1.00 Oleic Acid 1.10 Lactamide MEA1.00 Fragrance Drom 837 375 Tropical Fever 0.50 Dihydroxypropyl PEG-5Linoleammonium Chloride 0.50 Hydrolyzed Soy Protein 0.50Monoethanolamine 99% ~2.50 Total: 100.00 Developer 6% - Part B DeionizedWater RT 80.50 Disodium Phosphate 0.15 Salcare SC80 5.00 Glycerin 99%1.00 Sodium Laureth Sulfate 27% 1.00 Etidronic Acid 60% ~0.35 HydrogenPeroxide 50% 12.00 Total: 100.00 Part C Deionized Water RT 97.18Compound of formula (104) 1.00 Total: 100.00

Example B13

A dye emulsion; pH=10.5

INGREDIENT w/w % Dye of formula (105) 1 Cetearyl Alcohol 12.00Ceteareth-20 4.50 Polysorbate 60 2.30 Glyceryl Stearate SE 2.00 SorbitanStearate 0.75 Oleth-5 1.25 Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride 0.50 DeionizedWater 70° C. 66.65 Disodium EDTA 0.05 Monoethanolamine 99% 0.90 AmmoniumHydroxide 29% 6.60 Dihydroxypropyl PEG-5 Linoleammonium Chloride 0.50Hydrolyzed Soy Protein 20% 0.50 Fragrance Drom 847 735 - Day at theBeach 0.50 Total: 100.00is mixed with 1.5 weight of 9% hydrogen peroxide solution and themixture is immediately applied to a tress of brown hair at roomtemperature.

After 30 minutes the tress is rinsed under tap water (Water temperature:37° C.+/−1° C.; flow rate of water: 5-6 l/min.), shampooed, rinsed anddried.

The tress has been dyed to an intensive copper shade.

Example B14

INGREDIENT w/w % Dye of formula (105) 1 Deionized Water RT 64.68Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer 0.55 Sodium Hydroxide 25%0.03 DMDM Hydantoin 0.50 Sodium Cocoamphoacetate 32% 15.00Ococamidopropyl Betaine 30% 3.00 Decyl Glucoside 3.00 Polyquaternium-70.50 PEG-15 Copolyamine 0.50 PEG-75 Lanolin 0.50 Deionized Water RT10.00 Disodium EDTA 0.05 Basic Orange 31 0.08 Basic Yellow 87 0.01 BasicRed 51 0.01 PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil 0.95 Fragrance Drom 837 375Tropical Fever 0.45 Citric Acid 25% Solution ~0.20 Total: 100.00is applied for 30 minutes, at room temperature, to blond human hair andrinsed under tap water (Water temperature: 37° C.+/−1° C.; flow rate ofwater: 5-6 l/min.).

The result is a very attractive vibrant copper dyeing with goodfastnesses.

Example B15

A tress of blond hair is shampooed at room temperature with a shampoo,containing

Compound of formula (105) 0.1% Disodium PEG-5 LaurylcitrateSulfosuccinate, Sodium 8.25% Laureth Sulfate Sodium Cocoamphoacetate20.9% Methoxy PEG/PPG-7/3 Aminopropyl Dimethicone 0.5% HydroxypropylGuar hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride 0.3% PEG-200 Hydrogenated GlycerylPalmate; PEG-7 Glyceryl 2.5% Cocoate PEG-150 Distearate 0.5% Citric Acid(30%) 2.2% Perfume; Preservatives q.s. Water Ad 100%

After 5 minutes the tress is rinsed under tap water (Water temperature:37° C.+/−1° C.; flow rate of water: 5-6 l/min.) and dried. The tress hasbeen dyed copper.

Example B16

A conditioner containing

Compound of formula (105) 0.1% Cetyl Alcohol 3.00% Ceterareth-25 0.50%Distearyldimonium Chloride 1.00% Quaternium-80 0.50% Citric Acid Ad pH =5 Perfumes; Preservatives q.s. Water Ad 100%is applied to a tress of shampooed blond hair at room temperature.

After 15 minutes the tress is rinsed under tap water (Water temperature:37° C.+/−1° C.; flow rate of water: 5-6 l/min.) and dried.

The tress has been dyed to a copper shade.

1. Method of dyeing keratin-containing fibers comprising treating thefiber with at least one dye of formula

their salts, isomers, hydrates and other solvates, wherein R₁ ishydrogen; C₁-C₁₂alkyl, which may be substituted by one or moreC₁-C₅alkyl, C₁-C₅-alkoxy, hydroxy or —(CO)—H; —(CO)—C₁-C₅alkyl; phenylor phenyl-C₁-C₄alkyl, wherein the phenyl moiety may be substituted byone or more C₁-C₅alkyl, C₁-C₅alkoxy, halogen, —NH₂,mono-C₁-C₅alkylamino, di-C₁-C₅alkylamino, —NO₂, carboxy or hydroxy; R₂is hydrogen; or C₁-C₅alkyl; X is C₁-C₁₀alkylene, which may besubstituted by one or more C₁-C₅alkyl, hydroxy, C₁-C₅-alkoxy, amino,mono-C₁-C₅alkylamino, di-C₁-C₅alkylamino, —SH, and/or interrupted by oneor more —O— or —S—S—; C₅-C₁₀cycloalkylene; C₅-C₁₂arylene;C₅-C₁₂arylene-(C₁-C₁₀alkylene); biphenylene, which may be substituted byone or more C₁-C₅alkyl, hydroxy, C₁-C₅-alkoxy, amino,mono-C₁-C₅alkylamino, di-C₁-C₅alkylamino, —SH, and/or interrupted by oneor more —O—, C₁-C₄-alkylene, —NR₃—, —S— or —S—S—; R₃ is hydrogen;C₁-C₁₂alkyl; C₂-C₁₄alkenyl; C₆-C₁₂aryl; C₆-C₁₂aryl-C₁-C₁₂alkyl; orC₁-C₁₂alkyl-C₆-C₁₂aryl; Y is an anion; Z is 1,3-thiazolyl;1,2-thiazolyl; 1,3-benzothiazolyl; 2,3-benzothiazolyl; imidazolyl;1,3,4-thiadiazolyl; 1,3,5-thiadiazolyl; 1,3,4-triazolyl; pyrazolyl;benzimidazolyl; benzopyrazolyl; pyridinyl; quinolinyl; pyrimidinyl; orisoxazolyl; and n is a number from 2-100.
 2. Method according to claim1, wherein R₁ is hydrogen; or C₁-C₁₂alkyl, R₂ is hydrogen; orC₁-C₅alkyl; X is C₁-C₁₀alkylene, which may be substituted by one or moreC₁-C₅alkyl, hydroxy or C₁-C₅-alkoxy, or interrupted by one or more—S—S—; C₅-C₁₀cycloalkylene; or C₅-C₁₂arylene; biphenylene, which may besubstituted by one or more C₁-C₅alkyl, hydroxy, C₁-C₅-alkoxy, amino,mono-C₁-C₅alkylamino, di-C₁-C₅alkylamino, —SH, and/or interrupted by oneor more —O—; C₁-C₄-alkylene, —NR₃—, —S— or SS—; R₃ is hydrogen; orC₁-C₁₂alkyl; Y is an anion; Z is 1,3-thiazolyl; 1,2-thiazolyl;1,3-benzothiazolyl; 2,3-benzothiazolyl; imidazolyl; 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl;1,3,5-thiadiazolyl; 1,3,4-triazolyl; pyrazolyl; benzimidazolyl;benzopyrazolyl; pyridinyl; quinolinyl; pyrimidinyl; or isoxazolyl; and nis a number from 2-100.
 3. Method according to claim 1, wherein X isC₁-C₅alkylene, which may be substituted by one or more C₁-C₅alkyl, orinterrupted by —S—S—; biphenylene.


4. Method according to claim 1, wherein X is selected from ethylene,n-propylene, 2,2-dimethylpropylene; n-hexylene; or the bivalent radical—(CH₂)₂—S—S—(CH₂)₂—.
 5. Method according to claim 1, wherein R₂ ismethyl.
 6. Method according to claim 1, wherein Z is imidazolyl. 7.Method according to claim 1 wherein Y is selected from halide, sulfate,hydrogen sulfate, phosphate, boron tetrafluoride, carbonate,bicarbonate, oxalate, C₁-C₈alkyl sulfate, lactate, formate, acetate,propionate and a complex anion.
 8. Method according to claim 1 whereincompounds of formula

R₁, X and Y are defined as in claim 1; are used.
 9. Method according toclaim 8, wherein R₁ is hydrogen; or C₁-C₅alkyl; X is selected fromethylene, n-propylene, 2,2-dimethylpropylene; n-hexylene; or thebivalent radical —(CH₂)₂—S—S—(CH₂)₂—; and Y is selected from halide,sulfate, hydrogen sulfate, phosphate, boron tetrafluoride, carbonate,bicarbonate, oxalate, C₁-C₈alkyl sulfate, lactate, formate, acetate,propionate and a complex anion.
 10. A method of dyeingkeratin-containing fibers which comprises treating the fiber with atleast one dye of formula (1) according to claim 1, wherein X isC₁-C₁₀alkylene or biphenylene, which is interrupted by one or more—S—S—, in the presence of a reduction agent.
 11. A method according toclaim 10, wherein the reducing agent is selected from thioglycol acid orsalts thereof, gycerine monothioglycolate, cystein, 2-mercaptopropionicacid, 2-mercaptoethylamine, thiolactic acid, thioglycerine, sodiumsulfite, dithionithe, ammonium sulfite, sodium bisulfite, sodiummetabisulfite and hydrochinon.
 12. A method according to claim 1,comprising treating the keratin-containing fiber a) optionally with areduction agent, and b) at least one single dye of formula (1) wherein Xis C₁-C₁₀alkylene or biphenylene, which is interrupted by one or more—S—S—, in the presence of a reduction agent, and c) optionally with anoxidizing agent.
 13. A method of dyeing hair with an oxidative dyesystem, which comprises a) mixing at least one dye of formula (1)according to claim 1 and optionally at least one dye precursor and atleast one developer compound, and an oxidizing agent, which optionallycontains at least one further dye, and b) contacting thekeratin-containing fibers with the mixture as prepared in step a).
 14. Amethod according to claim 1, comprising a) dyeing the keratin-containingfiber with at least one single dye of formula (1) b) wearing thecoloured hair for the desired period of time, c) removing the colourapplied in step a) from hair by contacting the hair with an aqueousbased colour removal composition containing a reducing agent.
 15. Amethod according to claim 1, comprising treating the keratin-containingfiber with at least one dye of formula (1), a base and an oxidizingagent.
 16. A hair dyeing composition comprising (a) 0.001-5, preferably0.005-4% b.w. of at least one dye of formula (1) as defined in claim 1;(b) 1-40, preferably 5 to 30% b.w. of a solvent; and (c) 0.01 to 20%b.w. of adjuvants.
 17. A composition according to claim 15 in form of ashampoo, conditioner, gel or emulsion.
 18. A composition according toclaim 16 comprising at least one single dye of formula (1) as defined inclaim 1, and a direct dye and/or a reactive dye.
 19. Compounds offormula

R₁ is hydrogen; C₁-C₁₂alkyl, which may be substituted by one or moreC₁-C₅alkyl, C₁-C₅-alkoxy, hydroxy or —(CO)—H; —(CO)—C₁-C₅alkyl; phenylor phenyl-C₁-C₄alkyl, wherein the phenyl moiety may be substituted byone or more C₁-C₅alkyl, C₁-C₅alkoxy, halogen, —NH₂,mono-C₁-C₅alkylamino, di-C₁-C₅alkylamino, —NO₂, carboxy or hydroxy; R₂is hydrogen; or C₁-C₅alkyl; X is C₁-C₁₀alkylene, which may besubstituted by one or more C₁-C₅alkyl, hydroxy, C₁-C₅-alkoxy, amino,mono-C₁-C₅alkylamino, di-C₁-C₅alkylamino, —SH, and/or interrupted by oneor more —O— or —S—S—; C₅-C₁₀cycloalkylene; C₅-C₁₂arylene;C₅-C₁₂arylene-(C₁-C₁₀alkylene); biphenylene, which may be substituted byone or more C₁-C₅alkyl, hydroxy, C₁-C₅-alkoxy, amino,mono-C₁-C₅alkylamino, di-C₁-C₅alkylamino, —SH, and/or interrupted by oneor more —O—; C₁-C₄-alkylene, —NR₃—, —S— or SS—; R₃ is hydrogen;C₁-C₁₂alkyl; C₂-C₁₄alkenyl; C₆-C₁₂aryl; C₆-C₁₂aryl-C₁-C₁₂alkyl; orC₁-C₁₂alkyl-C₆-C₁₂aryl; Y is an anion; Z is 1,3-thiazolyl;1,2-thiazolyl; 1,3-benzothiazolyl; 2,3-benzothiazolyl; imidazolyl;1,3,4-thiadiazolyl; 1,3,5-thiadiazolyl; 1,3,4-triazolyl; pyrazolyl;benzimidazolyl; benzopyrazolyl; pyridinyl; quinolinyl; pyrimidinyl; orisoxazolyl; and n is a number from 2-100.